Alejandro Villarín Castro1, Antonio Segura Fragoso2, Francisco Javier Alonso Moreno3, Marta Sánchez Pérez4, Luis Rodríguez Padial5, Gustavo Cristóbal Rodríguez Roca6. 1. Toledo Multiprofessional Family and Community Care Teaching Unit, C/Barcelona 2, C.P. 45005, Toledo, Spain. avillari@sescam.jccm.es. 2. Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Research Unit, Castilla-La Mancha Institute of Health Sciences, Talavera de la Reina (Toledo), Avda. Madrid, s/n, Talavera de la Reina, C.P. 45600, Toledo, Spain. 3. Sillería Health Center (Toledo), C/Sillería, 2, C.P. 45001, Toledo, Spain. 4. RICARTO Study, Toledo Primary Care Management, C/Barcelona, 2, C.P. 45005, Toledo, Spain. 5. Cardiology Department, Toledo University Hospital Complex, Avda. Barber, 30, C.P. 45071, Toledo, Spain. 6. La Puebla de Montalbán Health Center (Toledo), Avda. Álvaro de Montalbán, 19, La Puebla de Montalbán, C.P. 45516, Toledo, Spain.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Our aim was to determine the difference between measuring blood pressure (BP) with the mean of three determinations versus the mean of the second and the third determinations in a random general population sample. METHODS: Epidemiological study of the general population aged ≥ 18 from the Health Area of Toledo (Spain), based on the health card database. Three readings of systolic and diastolic BP were taken with validated oscillometric devices OMRON HEM-907. The mean of the three readings was compared with the mean of the second and third readings after discarding the first measurement. We analyzed age, sex, BMI, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, smoking and sedentary lifestyle. A descriptive study was conducted, as well as the agreement in the diagnosis of hypertension. RESULTS: 1532 subjects were analyzed (mean age 49.01 ± 15.79 years old, 55.5% women). Response rate 36.3%. The mean systolic BP with three readings was 125.39 ± 17.43 mmHg, versus 124.33 ± 17.07 mmHg with the mean of the second and third readings (mean difference 1.01 ± 4.31; Cohen's D = 0.059). The mean diastolic BP was 73.93 ± 10.89 versus 73.71 ± 10.93 mmHg with both methods (mean difference 0.19 ± 2.11; Cohen's D = 0.017). Differences by age, sex, BMI, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, smoking and sedentary lifestyle were all small (Cohen's D < 0.08). The agreement between both models for classifying subjects as hypertensive/non-hypertensive showed a Kappa value = 0.936 (McNemar's test p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Determining the mean of three readings of BP does not make a significant difference in relation to the reading of the second and third measurements in a sample of general population.
INTRODUCTION: Our aim was to determine the difference between measuring blood pressure (BP) with the mean of three determinations versus the mean of the second and the third determinations in a random general population sample. METHODS: Epidemiological study of the general population aged ≥ 18 from the Health Area of Toledo (Spain), based on the health card database. Three readings of systolic and diastolic BP were taken with validated oscillometric devices OMRON HEM-907. The mean of the three readings was compared with the mean of the second and third readings after discarding the first measurement. We analyzed age, sex, BMI, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, smoking and sedentary lifestyle. A descriptive study was conducted, as well as the agreement in the diagnosis of hypertension. RESULTS: 1532 subjects were analyzed (mean age 49.01 ± 15.79 years old, 55.5% women). Response rate 36.3%. The mean systolic BP with three readings was 125.39 ± 17.43 mmHg, versus 124.33 ± 17.07 mmHg with the mean of the second and third readings (mean difference 1.01 ± 4.31; Cohen's D = 0.059). The mean diastolic BP was 73.93 ± 10.89 versus 73.71 ± 10.93 mmHg with both methods (mean difference 0.19 ± 2.11; Cohen's D = 0.017). Differences by age, sex, BMI, abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, smoking and sedentary lifestyle were all small (Cohen's D < 0.08). The agreement between both models for classifying subjects as hypertensive/non-hypertensive showed a Kappa value = 0.936 (McNemar's test p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Determining the mean of three readings of BP does not make a significant difference in relation to the reading of the second and third measurements in a sample of general population.
Entities:
Keywords:
Blood pressure; Cardiovascular risk; General population; Primary Health Care
Authors: A Benmira; A Perez-Martin; I Schuster; I Aichoun; S Coudray; F Bereksi-Reguig; M Dauzat Journal: Expert Rev Med Devices Date: 2016-01-08 Impact factor: 3.166
Authors: Alexander A Leung; Stella S Daskalopoulou; Kaberi Dasgupta; Kerry McBrien; Sonia Butalia; Kelly B Zarnke; Kara Nerenberg; Kevin C Harris; Meranda Nakhla; Lyne Cloutier; Mark Gelfer; Maxime Lamarre-Cliche; Alain Milot; Peter Bolli; Guy Tremblay; Donna McLean; Karen C Tran; Sheldon W Tobe; Marcel Ruzicka; Kevin D Burns; Michel Vallée; G V Ramesh Prasad; Steven E Gryn; Ross D Feldman; Peter Selby; Andrew Pipe; Ernesto L Schiffrin; Philip A McFarlane; Paul Oh; Robert A Hegele; Milan Khara; Thomas W Wilson; S Brian Penner; Ellen Burgess; Praveena Sivapalan; Robert J Herman; Simon L Bacon; Simon W Rabkin; Richard E Gilbert; Tavis S Campbell; Steven Grover; George Honos; Patrice Lindsay; Michael D Hill; Shelagh B Coutts; Gord Gubitz; Norman R C Campbell; Gordon W Moe; Jonathan G Howlett; Jean-Martin Boulanger; Ally Prebtani; Gregory Kline; Lawrence A Leiter; Charlotte Jones; Anne-Marie Côté; Vincent Woo; Janusz Kaczorowski; Luc Trudeau; Ross T Tsuyuki; Swapnil Hiremath; Denis Drouin; Kim L Lavoie; Pavel Hamet; Jean C Grégoire; Richard Lewanczuk; George K Dresser; Mukul Sharma; Debra Reid; Scott A Lear; Gregory Moullec; Milan Gupta; Laura A Magee; Alexander G Logan; Janis Dionne; Anne Fournier; Geneviève Benoit; Janusz Feber; Luc Poirier; Raj S Padwal; Doreen M Rabi Journal: Can J Cardiol Date: 2017-03-10 Impact factor: 5.223
Authors: G C Rodríguez-Roca; A Segura-Fragoso; A Villarín-Castro; F J Alonso-Moreno; L Rodríguez-Padial; M L Rodríguez-García; J A Fernández-Conde; G A Rojas-Martelo; A Menchén-Herreros; C Escobar-Cervantes; J Fernández-Martín; L M Artigao-Rodenas; J A Carbayo-Herencia; J Hernández-Moreno Journal: Semergen Date: 2017-08-30
Authors: Massimo F Piepoli; Arno W Hoes; Stefan Agewall; Christian Albus; Carlos Brotons; Alberico L Catapano; Marie-Therese Cooney; Ugo Corrà; Bernard Cosyns; Christi Deaton; Ian Graham; Michael Stephen Hall; F D Richard Hobbs; Maja-Lisa Løchen; Herbert Löllgen; Pedro Marques-Vidal; Joep Perk; Eva Prescott; Josep Redon; Dimitrios J Richter; Naveed Sattar; Yvo Smulders; Monica Tiberi; H Bart van der Worp; Ineke van Dis; W M Monique Verschuren; Simone Binno Journal: Eur Heart J Date: 2016-05-23 Impact factor: 29.983
Authors: Gianfranco Parati; George Stergiou; Eoin O'Brien; Roland Asmar; Lawrence Beilin; Grzegorz Bilo; Denis Clement; Alejandro de la Sierra; Peter de Leeuw; Eamon Dolan; Robert Fagard; John Graves; Geoffrey A Head; Yutaka Imai; Kazuomi Kario; Empar Lurbe; Jean-Michel Mallion; Giuseppe Mancia; Thomas Mengden; Martin Myers; Gbenga Ogedegbe; Takayoshi Ohkubo; Stefano Omboni; Paolo Palatini; Josep Redon; Luis M Ruilope; Andrew Shennan; Jan A Staessen; Gert vanMontfrans; Paolo Verdecchia; Bernard Waeber; Jiguang Wang; Alberto Zanchetti; Yuqing Zhang Journal: J Hypertens Date: 2014-07 Impact factor: 4.844
Authors: Michael A Weber; Ernesto L Schiffrin; William B White; Samuel Mann; Lars H Lindholm; John G Kenerson; John M Flack; Barry L Carter; Barry J Materson; C Venkata S Ram; Debbie L Cohen; Jean-Claude Cadet; Roger R Jean-Charles; Sandra Taler; David Kountz; Raymond Townsend; John Chalmers; Agustin J Ramirez; George L Bakris; Jiguang Wang; Aletta E Schutte; John D Bisognano; Rhian M Touyz; Dominic Sica; Stephen B Harrap Journal: J Hypertens Date: 2014-01 Impact factor: 4.844
Authors: Norm R C Campbell; Adel E Berbari; Lyne Cloutier; Mark Gelfer; John G Kenerson; Tej K Khalsa; Daniel T Lackland; Daniel Lemogoum; Birinder K Mangat; Sailesh Mohan; Martin G Myers; Mark L Niebylski; Eoin O'Brien; George S Stergiou; Eugenia Velludo VeIga; Xin-Hua Zhang Journal: J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) Date: 2014-05-08 Impact factor: 3.738