Arthur Caye1, Sandra Petresco2, Aluísio Jardim Dornellas de Barros3, Rodrigo A Bressan4, Ary Gadelha3, Helen Gonçalves3, Arthur Gus Manfro1, Alícia Matijasevich5, Ana Maria Baptista Menezes3, Euripides C Miguel4, Tiago Neuenfeld Munhoz3, Pedro M Pan4, Giovanni A Salum1, Iná S Santos3, Christian Kieling2, Luis Augusto Rohde6. 1. Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INPD), São Paulo, Brazil. 2. Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. 3. Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil. 4. National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INPD), São Paulo, Brazil. 5. Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil; Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. 6. Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INPD), São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: lrohde@terra.com.br.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of relatively younger age on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and diagnosis through three population-based cohorts and a meta-analysis. METHOD: This study included participants of three community-based cohorts in Brazil: 1993 Pelotas Cohort (N = 5,249), 2004 Pelotas Cohort (N = 4,231), and Brazilian High-Risk Study for Psychiatric Disorders (HRC study) (N = 2,511). We analyzed the effect of relatively younger age on ADHD symptoms and diagnosis. For the meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science from inception through December 25, 2018. We selected studies that reported measures of association between relative immaturity and an ADHD diagnosis. We followed the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines. The protocol for meta-analysis is available on PROSPERO (CRD42018099966). RESULTS: In the meta-analysis, we identified 1,799 potentially eligible records, from which 25 studies including 8,076,570 subjects (164,049 ADHD cases) were analyzed with their effect estimates. The summarized relative risk of an ADHD diagnosis was 1.34 (95% CI, 1.26-1.43, p < .001) for children born in the first 4 months of the school year (relatively younger). Heterogeneity was high (I2 = 96.7%). Relative younger age was associated with higher levels of ADHD symptoms in the 1993 Pelotas Cohort (p = .003), 2004 Pelotas Cohort (p = .046), and HRC study (p = .010). CONCLUSION: Children and adolescents who are relatively younger compared with their classmates have a higher risk of receiving an ADHD diagnosis. Clinicians should consider the developmental level of young children when evaluating ADHD symptoms.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of relatively younger age on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and diagnosis through three population-based cohorts and a meta-analysis. METHOD: This study included participants of three community-based cohorts in Brazil: 1993 Pelotas Cohort (N = 5,249), 2004 Pelotas Cohort (N = 4,231), and Brazilian High-Risk Study for Psychiatric Disorders (HRC study) (N = 2,511). We analyzed the effect of relatively younger age on ADHD symptoms and diagnosis. For the meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science from inception through December 25, 2018. We selected studies that reported measures of association between relative immaturity and an ADHD diagnosis. We followed the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines. The protocol for meta-analysis is available on PROSPERO (CRD42018099966). RESULTS: In the meta-analysis, we identified 1,799 potentially eligible records, from which 25 studies including 8,076,570 subjects (164,049 ADHD cases) were analyzed with their effect estimates. The summarized relative risk of an ADHD diagnosis was 1.34 (95% CI, 1.26-1.43, p < .001) for children born in the first 4 months of the school year (relatively younger). Heterogeneity was high (I2 = 96.7%). Relative younger age was associated with higher levels of ADHD symptoms in the 1993 Pelotas Cohort (p = .003), 2004 Pelotas Cohort (p = .046), and HRC study (p = .010). CONCLUSION:Children and adolescents who are relatively younger compared with their classmates have a higher risk of receiving an ADHD diagnosis. Clinicians should consider the developmental level of young children when evaluating ADHD symptoms.
Authors: Stephen V Faraone; Tobias Banaschewski; David Coghill; Yi Zheng; Joseph Biederman; Mark A Bellgrove; Jeffrey H Newcorn; Martin Gignac; Nouf M Al Saud; Iris Manor; Luis Augusto Rohde; Li Yang; Samuele Cortese; Doron Almagor; Mark A Stein; Turki H Albatti; Haya F Aljoudi; Mohammed M J Alqahtani; Philip Asherson; Lukoye Atwoli; Sven Bölte; Jan K Buitelaar; Cleo L Crunelle; David Daley; Søren Dalsgaard; Manfred Döpfner; Stacey Espinet; Michael Fitzgerald; Barbara Franke; Manfred Gerlach; Jan Haavik; Catharina A Hartman; Cynthia M Hartung; Stephen P Hinshaw; Pieter J Hoekstra; Chris Hollis; Scott H Kollins; J J Sandra Kooij; Jonna Kuntsi; Henrik Larsson; Tingyu Li; Jing Liu; Eugene Merzon; Gregory Mattingly; Paulo Mattos; Suzanne McCarthy; Amori Yee Mikami; Brooke S G Molina; Joel T Nigg; Diane Purper-Ouakil; Olayinka O Omigbodun; Guilherme V Polanczyk; Yehuda Pollak; Alison S Poulton; Ravi Philip Rajkumar; Andrew Reding; Andreas Reif; Katya Rubia; Julia Rucklidge; Marcel Romanos; J Antoni Ramos-Quiroga; Arnt Schellekens; Anouk Scheres; Renata Schoeman; Julie B Schweitzer; Henal Shah; Mary V Solanto; Edmund Sonuga-Barke; César Soutullo; Hans-Christoph Steinhausen; James M Swanson; Anita Thapar; Gail Tripp; Geurt van de Glind; Wim van den Brink; Saskia Van der Oord; Andre Venter; Benedetto Vitiello; Susanne Walitza; Yufeng Wang Journal: Neurosci Biobehav Rev Date: 2021-02-04 Impact factor: 9.052
Authors: Bo-Yi Yang; Xiao-Wen Zeng; Iana Markevych; Michael S Bloom; Joachim Heinrich; Luke D Knibbs; Shyamali C Dharmage; Shao Lin; Pasi Jalava; Yuming Guo; Bin Jalaludin; Lidia Morawska; Yang Zhou; Li-Wen Hu; Hong-Yao Yu; Yunjiang Yu; Guang-Hui Dong Journal: JAMA Netw Open Date: 2019-12-02