V Schwarze1, C Marschner2, S Grosu2, J Rübenthaler2, T Knösel3, D-A Clevert2. 1. Klinik und Poliklinik für Radiologie, Interdisziplinäres Ultraschallzentrum, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Campus Grosshadern, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, München, Deutschland. vincent.schwarze@med.uni-muenchen.de. 2. Klinik und Poliklinik für Radiologie, Interdisziplinäres Ultraschallzentrum, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Campus Grosshadern, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, München, Deutschland. 3. Pathologisches Institut, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Deutschland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Radiological and nuclear medical diagnostics play an important role in the work-up of patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NET). The sonographic examination, including contrast-enhanced examination, depicts an initial imaging modality to screen for NET. This report describes the sonomorphological behavior of ileal and pancreatic NET as well as hepatic metastases from NET. CLINICAL/METHODICAL ISSUE: Sonographic evaluation of NET of the small intestine, pancreas and neuroendocrine hepatic metastases. STANDARD RADIOLOGICAL METHODS: Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), unenhanced ultrasonography. METHODICAL INNOVATIONS: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). PERFORMANCE: CEUS supports unenhanced ultrasound in the detection of NET and the differential diagnosis of unclear lesions, and is more sensitive for liver metastases (sensitivity according to the literature, 99% vs. 68%) PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS: CEUS allows initial evaluation of NET and differentiation of benign vs. malignant lesions. Nevertheless, CEUS cannot replace more elaborate imaging modalities like CT or MRI for thorough staging examinations.
BACKGROUND: Radiological and nuclear medical diagnostics play an important role in the work-up of patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NET). The sonographic examination, including contrast-enhanced examination, depicts an initial imaging modality to screen for NET. This report describes the sonomorphological behavior of ileal and pancreatic NET as well as hepatic metastases from NET. CLINICAL/METHODICAL ISSUE: Sonographic evaluation of NET of the small intestine, pancreas and neuroendocrine hepatic metastases. STANDARD RADIOLOGICAL METHODS: Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), unenhanced ultrasonography. METHODICAL INNOVATIONS: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). PERFORMANCE: CEUS supports unenhanced ultrasound in the detection of NET and the differential diagnosis of unclear lesions, and is more sensitive for liver metastases (sensitivity according to the literature, 99% vs. 68%) PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS: CEUS allows initial evaluation of NET and differentiation of benign vs. malignant lesions. Nevertheless, CEUS cannot replace more elaborate imaging modalities like CT or MRI for thorough staging examinations.
Authors: Massimo Falconi; Detlef Klaus Bartsch; Barbro Eriksson; Günter Klöppel; José M Lopes; Juan M O'Connor; Ramón Salazar; Babs G Taal; Marie Pierre Vullierme; Dermot O'Toole Journal: Neuroendocrinology Date: 2012-02-15 Impact factor: 4.914
Authors: M Del Prete; A Di Sarno; R Modica; F Lassandro; A Giorgio; A Bianco; M Muto; M Gasperi; F Del Prete; A Colao; V Montesarchio; A Faggiano Journal: J Endocrinol Invest Date: 2017-06-30 Impact factor: 4.256