Afshin Samadi1, Selen Yilmaz Isikhan2, Alexey A Tinkov3, Incilay Lay4, Monica Daniela Doşa5, Anatoly V Skalny6, Margarita G Skalnaya7, Salvatore Chirumbolo8, Geir Bjørklund9. 1. Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. 2. Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey; Vocational School of Social Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. 3. Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia. 4. Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey; Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Hacettepe University Hospitals, Ankara, Turkey. 5. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University, Constanta, Romania. 6. Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia; Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia. 7. Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia. 8. Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; CONEM Scientific Secretary, Verona, Italy. 9. Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo i Rana, Norway. Electronic address: bjorklund@conem.org.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The present study has the objective to assess the zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and oxysterols plasma levels in type 1 (DM1) (n = 26) and type 2 (DM2) (n = 80) diabetes patients, as compared to healthy controls (n = 71), in order to testify whether metal levels may have a significant impact on the association between oxysterols and diabetes. METHODS: Plasma trace elements and plasma oxysterols were assessed using atomic absorption spectrometry and LC-MS/MS, respectively. Lifestyle, smoking status, alcohol intake, and drug usage, as well as microvascular complications, were also monitored and reported. RESULTS: The obtained data demonstrated that both DM1 and DM2 patients were characterized by significantly elevated HbA1c, FBG, TC, LDL-C, VLDL-C, and TG levels as compared to controls. Plasma Zn levels and Zn/Cu ratio in DM1 and DM2 patients were about 3- and 2-fold lower than controls. No significant differences in plasma Cu levels were reported. The 7-ketocholesterol (7-kchol) levels in DM1 and DM2 patients exceeded these values in healthy individuals by 2.5 and 5-fold, respectively. Similarly, cholestan-3β, 5α, 6β-triol (chol-triol) levels were more than 3- and 6-fold higher when compared to the respective values in non-diabetic controls. In regression models decreased plasma Zn and elevated oxysterol levels were significantly associated with HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose levels, after adjustment for anthropometric and clinical variables, as well as routine biochemical markers. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma Zn concentration is inversely associated with both 7-kchol and chol-triol levels. Assessment of Zn and oxysterol levels may be used both for risk assessment and as targets for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
BACKGROUND: The present study has the objective to assess the zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and oxysterols plasma levels in type 1 (DM1) (n = 26) and type 2 (DM2) (n = 80) diabetespatients, as compared to healthy controls (n = 71), in order to testify whether metal levels may have a significant impact on the association between oxysterols and diabetes. METHODS: Plasma trace elements and plasma oxysterols were assessed using atomic absorption spectrometry and LC-MS/MS, respectively. Lifestyle, smoking status, alcohol intake, and drug usage, as well as microvascular complications, were also monitored and reported. RESULTS: The obtained data demonstrated that both DM1 and DM2patients were characterized by significantly elevated HbA1c, FBG, TC, LDL-C, VLDL-C, and TG levels as compared to controls. Plasma Zn levels and Zn/Cu ratio in DM1 and DM2patients were about 3- and 2-fold lower than controls. No significant differences in plasma Cu levels were reported. The 7-ketocholesterol (7-kchol) levels in DM1 and DM2patients exceeded these values in healthy individuals by 2.5 and 5-fold, respectively. Similarly, cholestan-3β, 5α, 6β-triol (chol-triol) levels were more than 3- and 6-fold higher when compared to the respective values in non-diabetic controls. In regression models decreased plasma Zn and elevated oxysterol levels were significantly associated with HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose levels, after adjustment for anthropometric and clinical variables, as well as routine biochemical markers. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma Zn concentration is inversely associated with both 7-kchol and chol-triol levels. Assessment of Zn and oxysterol levels may be used both for risk assessment and as targets for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
Authors: Marta Galvez-Fernandez; Francisco Sanchez-Saez; Arce Domingo-Relloso; Zulema Rodriguez-Hernandez; Sonia Tarazona; Vannina Gonzalez-Marrachelli; Maria Grau-Perez; Jose M Morales-Tatay; Nuria Amigo; Tamara Garcia-Barrera; Jose L Gomez-Ariza; F Javier Chaves; Ana Barbara Garcia-Garcia; Rebeca Melero; Maria Tellez-Plaza; Juan C Martin-Escudero; Josep Redon; Daniel Monleon Journal: Redox Biol Date: 2022-04-14 Impact factor: 10.787