Alex M Kasman1, Shufeng Li2, Barbara Luke3, Alastair G Sutcliffe4, Allan A Pacey5, Michael L Eisenberg6. 1. Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA. Electronic address: akasman@stanford.edu. 2. Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA. 3. Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI. 4. Policy, Practice and Population Unit, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK. 5. Department of Oncology and Metabolism, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. 6. Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the association between male infertility and incident cardiometabolic disease is modified by socioeconomics, race, or geographic region. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Retrospective review of data from insurance claims from Optum's de-identified Clinformatics Data Mart Database. Subjects were men, 18-50 years old, with an associated diagnosis of infertility in the United States between 2003 and 2016. Analytical sample were men captured by the Optum's de-identified Clinformatics Data Mart Database with an associated diagnosis of infertility. Men were classified as either infertile, or not, based on diagnosis or procedural codes. Cardiometabolic health outcomes were then assessed using current procedural terminology codes for diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and heart disease. Confounding factors were controlled for such as race, education, socioecomonic status, and region. The main outcomes were development of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and heart disease. RESULTS: A total of 76,343 males were diagnosed with male factor infertility, 60,072 males who underwent fertility testing, and 183,742 males that underwent vasectomy (control population). For all men, infertile men had a higher risk of incident hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and heart disease when compared to those undergoing vasectomy. Identical associations were found across all education, income, racial, and geographic strata. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that men with infertility have a higher risk of cardiometabolic disease in the years following a fertility evaluation regardless of race, region, or socioeconomic status.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the association between male infertility and incident cardiometabolic disease is modified by socioeconomics, race, or geographic region. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Retrospective review of data from insurance claims from Optum's de-identified Clinformatics Data Mart Database. Subjects were men, 18-50 years old, with an associated diagnosis of infertility in the United States between 2003 and 2016. Analytical sample were men captured by the Optum's de-identified Clinformatics Data Mart Database with an associated diagnosis of infertility. Men were classified as either infertile, or not, based on diagnosis or procedural codes. Cardiometabolic health outcomes were then assessed using current procedural terminology codes for diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and heart disease. Confounding factors were controlled for such as race, education, socioecomonic status, and region. The main outcomes were development of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and heart disease. RESULTS: A total of 76,343 males were diagnosed with male factor infertility, 60,072 males who underwent fertility testing, and 183,742 males that underwent vasectomy (control population). For all men, infertilemen had a higher risk of incident hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and heart disease when compared to those undergoing vasectomy. Identical associations were found across all education, income, racial, and geographic strata. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that men with infertility have a higher risk of cardiometabolic disease in the years following a fertility evaluation regardless of race, region, or socioeconomic status.
Authors: Michael L Eisenberg; Barbara Luke; Katherine Cameron; Gary M Shaw; Allan A Pacey; Alastair G Sutcliffe; Carrie Williams; Julian Gardiner; Richard A Anderson; Valerie L Baker Journal: J Assist Reprod Genet Date: 2020-09-30 Impact factor: 3.412
Authors: Francesco Del Giudice; Alex M Kasman; Matteo Ferro; Alessandro Sciarra; Ettore De Berardinis; Federico Belladelli; Andrea Salonia; Michael L Eisenberg Journal: Investig Clin Urol Date: 2020-06-08