Development and validation of a deep learning algorithm for distinguishing the nonperfusion area from signal reduction artifacts on OCT angiography.

The capillary nonperfusion area (NPA) is a key quantifiable biomarker in the evaluation of diabetic retinopathy (DR) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). However, signal reduction artifacts caused by vitreous floaters, pupil vignetting, or defocus present significant obstacles to accurate quantification. We have developed a convolutional neural network, MEDnet-V2, to distinguish NPA from signal reduction artifacts in 6×6 mm2 OCTA. The network achieves strong specificity and sensitivity for NPA detection across a wide range of DR severity and scan quality.