Carol L Hodgson1,2, D James Cooper1, Yaseen Arabi3,4, Victoria King1, Andrew Bersten5, Shailesh Bihari5, Kathy Brickell6, Andrew Davies7, Ciara Fahey6, John Fraser8, Shay McGuinness9, Lynne Murray1, Rachael Parke9, Eldho Paul1, David Tuxen2, Shirley Vallance2, Meredith Young1, Alistair Nichol1,6,2. 1. Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 2. Intensive Care Department, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 3. King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences and. 4. King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 5. Intensive Care Department, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia. 6. University College Dublin Clinical Research Centre, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. 7. Intensive Care Department, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, Victoria, Australia. 8. Intensive Care Department, Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Queensland, Australia. 9. Cardiothoracic and Vascular Intensive Care Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand; and.
Abstract
Rationale: Open lung ventilation strategies have been recommended in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Objectives: To determine whether a maximal lung recruitment strategy reduces ventilator-free days in patients with ARDS. Methods: A phase II, multicenter randomized controlled trial in adults with moderate to severe ARDS. Patients received maximal lung recruitment, titrated positive end expiratory pressure and further Vt limitation, or control "protective" ventilation.Measurements and Main Results: The primary outcome was ventilator-free days at Day 28. Secondary outcomes included mortality, barotrauma, new use of hypoxemic adjuvant therapies, and ICU and hospital stay. Enrollment halted October 2, 2017, after publication of ART (Alveolar Recruitment for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Trial), when 115 of a planned 340 patients had been randomized (57% male; mean age, 53.6 yr). At 28 days after randomization, there was no difference between the maximal lung recruitment and control ventilation strategies in ventilator-free days (median, 16 d [interquartile range (IQR), 0-21 d], n = 57, vs. 14.5 d [IQR, 0-21.5 d], n = 56; P = 0.95), mortality (24.6% [n = 14/56] vs. 26.8% [n = 15/56]; P = 0.79), or the rate of barotrauma (5.2% [n = 3/57] vs. 10.7% [n = 6/56]; P = 0.32). However, the intervention group showed reduced use of new hypoxemic adjuvant therapies (i.e., inhaled nitric oxide, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, prone; median change from baseline 0 [IQR, 0-1] vs. 1 [IQR, 0-1]; P = 0.004) and increased rates of new cardiac arrhythmia (n = 17 [29%] vs. n = 7 [13%]; P = 0.03).Conclusions: Compared with control ventilation, maximal lung recruitment did not reduce the duration of ventilation-free days or mortality and was associated with increased cardiovascular adverse events but lower use of hypoxemic adjuvant therapies.Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01667146).
RCT Entities:
Rationale: Open lung ventilation strategies have been recommended in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Objectives: To determine whether a maximal lung recruitment strategy reduces ventilator-free days in patients with ARDS. Methods: A phase II, multicenter randomized controlled trial in adults with moderate to severe ARDS. Patients received maximal lung recruitment, titrated positive end expiratory pressure and further Vt limitation, or control "protective" ventilation.Measurements and Main Results: The primary outcome was ventilator-free days at Day 28. Secondary outcomes included mortality, barotrauma, new use of hypoxemic adjuvant therapies, and ICU and hospital stay. Enrollment halted October 2, 2017, after publication of ART (Alveolar Recruitment for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Trial), when 115 of a planned 340 patients had been randomized (57% male; mean age, 53.6 yr). At 28 days after randomization, there was no difference between the maximal lung recruitment and control ventilation strategies in ventilator-free days (median, 16 d [interquartile range (IQR), 0-21 d], n = 57, vs. 14.5 d [IQR, 0-21.5 d], n = 56; P = 0.95), mortality (24.6% [n = 14/56] vs. 26.8% [n = 15/56]; P = 0.79), or the rate of barotrauma (5.2% [n = 3/57] vs. 10.7% [n = 6/56]; P = 0.32). However, the intervention group showed reduced use of new hypoxemic adjuvant therapies (i.e., inhaled nitric oxide, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, prone; median change from baseline 0 [IQR, 0-1] vs. 1 [IQR, 0-1]; P = 0.004) and increased rates of new cardiac arrhythmia (n = 17 [29%] vs. n = 7 [13%]; P = 0.03).Conclusions: Compared with control ventilation, maximal lung recruitment did not reduce the duration of ventilation-free days or mortality and was associated with increased cardiovascular adverse events but lower use of hypoxemic adjuvant therapies.Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01667146).
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