Zachary Y Kerr1, Johna K Register-Mihalik1, Riana R Pryor2, Yuri Hosokawa3, Samantha E Scarneo-Miller4, Douglas J Casa4. 1. Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 2. Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, SUNY. 3. Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa City, Japan. 4. Korey Stringer Institute, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs.
Abstract
CONTEXT: In 2009, the National Athletic Trainers' Association Inter-Association Task Force (NATA-IATF) released preseason heat-acclimatization guidelines for gradually acclimatizing high school (HS) athletes to the environment during the first 2 weeks of the preseason and reducing the risk of exertional heat illness. However, researchers who studied the 2011 preseason found a low level of overall compliance. OBJECTIVE: To assess compliance with the NATA-IATF guidelines during the 2017 preseason and compare the findings with 2011 preseason data and between states mandating and not mandating the guidelines. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Preseason HS football, 2017. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: A total of 1023 athletic trainers working with HS football (14.2% response rate). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Using a survey, we acquired information from athletic trainers on their HS football programs, including location and compliance with 17 NATA-IATF guidelines during the 2017 football preseason. The outcome measures were full compliance with all 17 NATA-IATF guidelines and compliance with ≥10 NATA-IATF guidelines. Prevalence ratios (PRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) compared findings between (1) the 2017 and 2011 preseasons and (2) states whose HS athletic associations imposed a full or partial or no mandate to follow the NATA-IATF guidelines. RESULTS: Overall, 3.9% reported full compliance with NATA-IATF guidelines; 73.9% complied with ≥10 guidelines. The proportion reporting full compliance was higher in 2017 than in 2011 but not statistically different (3.9% versus 2.5%; PR = 1.54; 95% CI = 0.96, 2.46). However, the proportion reporting compliance with ≥10 guidelines was higher in 2017 (73.9% versus 57.9%; PR = 1.28; 95% CI = 1.20, 1.36). The proportion of respondents reporting their HSs were fully compliant was highest among the with-mandate group (9.4%), followed by the partial-mandate group (4.6%) and the without-mandate group (0.6%). Group differences retained significance when we examined compliance with ≥10 guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: Although full compliance with NATA-IATF guidelines remained low, many HS football programs complied with ≥10 guidelines.
CONTEXT: In 2009, the National Athletic Trainers' Association Inter-Association Task Force (NATA-IATF) released preseason heat-acclimatization guidelines for gradually acclimatizing high school (HS) athletes to the environment during the first 2 weeks of the preseason and reducing the risk of exertional heat illness. However, researchers who studied the 2011 preseason found a low level of overall compliance. OBJECTIVE: To assess compliance with the NATA-IATF guidelines during the 2017 preseason and compare the findings with 2011 preseason data and between states mandating and not mandating the guidelines. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Preseason HS football, 2017. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: A total of 1023 athletic trainers working with HS football (14.2% response rate). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Using a survey, we acquired information from athletic trainers on their HS football programs, including location and compliance with 17 NATA-IATF guidelines during the 2017 football preseason. The outcome measures were full compliance with all 17 NATA-IATF guidelines and compliance with ≥10 NATA-IATF guidelines. Prevalence ratios (PRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) compared findings between (1) the 2017 and 2011 preseasons and (2) states whose HS athletic associations imposed a full or partial or no mandate to follow the NATA-IATF guidelines. RESULTS: Overall, 3.9% reported full compliance with NATA-IATF guidelines; 73.9% complied with ≥10 guidelines. The proportion reporting full compliance was higher in 2017 than in 2011 but not statistically different (3.9% versus 2.5%; PR = 1.54; 95% CI = 0.96, 2.46). However, the proportion reporting compliance with ≥10 guidelines was higher in 2017 (73.9% versus 57.9%; PR = 1.28; 95% CI = 1.20, 1.36). The proportion of respondents reporting their HSs were fully compliant was highest among the with-mandate group (9.4%), followed by the partial-mandate group (4.6%) and the without-mandate group (0.6%). Group differences retained significance when we examined compliance with ≥10 guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: Although full compliance with NATA-IATF guidelines remained low, many HS football programs complied with ≥10 guidelines.
Entities:
Keywords:
exertional heat illness; heat stroke; high school athletes; injury prevention; policy
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