Itzel Viridiana Reyes-Pérez1, Pedro Ernesto Sánchez-Hernández2, José Francisco Muñoz-Valle3, Gloria Esther Martínez-Bonilla4, Trinidad García-Iglesias1, Verónica González-Díaz4, Samuel García-Arellano3, Sergio Cerpa-Cruz4, Julissa Polanco-Cruz4, María Guadalupe Ramírez-Dueñas5. 1. Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, No. 950, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. 2. Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, No. 950, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. pedro.e.sanchez@gmail.com. 3. Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Clínicas Médicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. 4. Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Civil Fray Antonio Alcalde, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. 5. Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, No. 950, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. mgramirezd@gmail.com.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by synovial membrane damage and autoantibody production. RA is a heterogeneous disease, where cytokines such as IL-15, IL-21, and IFN-γ have been associated. However, their association with the autoantibodies has not been clearly described. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the cytokines IL-15, IL-21, and IFN-γ with the autoantibodies (RF, anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and anti-PADI4) in RA and disease activity. METHODOLOGY: This study included 153 RA patients and 80 control subjects (CS). The levels of IL-15, IL-21, IFN-γ, anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and anti-PADI4 were quantified by ELISA, whereas RF was quantified by turbidimetry. The disease activity was evaluated by the indices disease activity score 28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR), clinical disease activity index (CDAI), and simple disease activity index (SDAI). RESULTS: The serum levels of IL-15, IL-21, and IFN-γ, and autoantibodies were increased in RA patients, compared with CS (p < 0.05). A correlation was found between IL-21 and anti-CCP and anti-MCV (p < 0.05). According to RA evolution, RF, anti-CCP, and anti-MCV had higher levels in early RA. In addition, increased levels of IL-21 were observed in RA seropositive patients (RF/anti-CCP/anti-MCV). The higher levels of both cytokines and autoantibodies were observed in moderate activity, evaluated by the three indices. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the increased soluble levels of IL-15, IL-21, and IFN-γ are involved in the inflammatory network in RA. However, IL-21 serum levels are associated with higher titers of autoantibodies (RF, anti-CCP, and anti-MCV) and IL-15 with moderate activity. Key Points • IL-15, IL-21, and IFN-y are associated with the immunopathology of RA, but not significantly with the evolution of the disease. • RF, anti-CCP, and anti-MCV had higher levels in early than established RA. • IL-21 has an association with RF, anti-CCP, and anti-MCVand, for this reason, could be proposed as a disease biomarker. • Patients with activity moderate of disease showed higher levels of RF, anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and IL-15.
INTRODUCTION:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by synovial membrane damage and autoantibody production. RA is a heterogeneous disease, where cytokines such as IL-15, IL-21, and IFN-γ have been associated. However, their association with the autoantibodies has not been clearly described. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the cytokines IL-15, IL-21, and IFN-γ with the autoantibodies (RF, anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and anti-PADI4) in RA and disease activity. METHODOLOGY: This study included 153 RApatients and 80 control subjects (CS). The levels of IL-15, IL-21, IFN-γ, anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and anti-PADI4 were quantified by ELISA, whereas RF was quantified by turbidimetry. The disease activity was evaluated by the indices disease activity score 28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR), clinical disease activity index (CDAI), and simple disease activity index (SDAI). RESULTS: The serum levels of IL-15, IL-21, and IFN-γ, and autoantibodies were increased in RApatients, compared with CS (p < 0.05). A correlation was found between IL-21 and anti-CCP and anti-MCV (p < 0.05). According to RA evolution, RF, anti-CCP, and anti-MCV had higher levels in early RA. In addition, increased levels of IL-21 were observed in RA seropositive patients (RF/anti-CCP/anti-MCV). The higher levels of both cytokines and autoantibodies were observed in moderate activity, evaluated by the three indices. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the increased soluble levels of IL-15, IL-21, and IFN-γ are involved in the inflammatory network in RA. However, IL-21 serum levels are associated with higher titers of autoantibodies (RF, anti-CCP, and anti-MCV) and IL-15 with moderate activity. Key Points • IL-15, IL-21, and IFN-y are associated with the immunopathology of RA, but not significantly with the evolution of the disease. • RF, anti-CCP, and anti-MCV had higher levels in early than established RA. • IL-21 has an association with RF, anti-CCP, and anti-MCVand, for this reason, could be proposed as a disease biomarker. • Patients with activity moderate of disease showed higher levels of RF, anti-CCP, anti-MCV, and IL-15.
Authors: Davide Di Fusco; Roberta Izzo; Michele M Figliuzzi; Francesco Pallone; Giovanni Monteleone Journal: Expert Opin Ther Targets Date: 2014-08-27 Impact factor: 6.902
Authors: Agnieszka Paradowska-Gorycka; Anna Wajda; Katarzyna Romanowska-Próchnicka; Ewa Walczuk; Ewa Kuca-Warnawin; Tomasz Kmiolek; Barbara Stypinska; Ewa Rzeszotarska; Dominik Majewski; Pawel Piotr Jagodzinski; Andrzej Pawlik Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2020-12-11 Impact factor: 7.561
Authors: Beatriz Rioseras; Marco Antonio Moro-García; Alejandra García-Torre; Eva Bueno-García; Rocio López-Martínez; Maria Iglesias-Escudero; Roberto Diaz-Peña; Patricia Castro-Santos; Miguel Arias-Guillén; Rebeca Alonso-Arias Journal: J Pers Med Date: 2021-06-24