Xinxin Xing1,2, Shuai Bi1, Xin Fan1, Meilin Jin3, Wenjun Liu1, Beinan Wang1. 1. Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. 2. Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing. 3. National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Streptococcus suis is an emerging zoonotic agent. Its natural habitat is the tonsils, which are the main portals of S. suis entry into the bloodstream of pigs. The remarkable variability of the bacteria and complex pathogenic mechanisms make the development of a vaccine a difficult task. METHOD: Five conserved virulence factors involved in critical events of S. suis pathogenesis were combined and used as an intranasal vaccine (V5). The effect of V5 was investigated with intranasal and systemic challenge models. RESULTS: V5 induced antibody and T-cell responses at the mucosal site and systemically. The immunity promoted clearance of S. suis from the nasopharynx independent of S. suis serotypes and reduced lethality after systemic challenge with S. suis serotype 2. Moreover, mice that survived sepsis from intravenous infection developed meningitis, whereas none of these mice showed neuropathological symptoms after V5 receipt. CONCLUSION: Intranasal immunization with multiple conserved virulence factors decreases S. suis colonization at the nasopharynx across serotypes and inhibits the dissemination of the bacteria in the host. The protective mucosal immunity effects would potentially reduce the S. suis reservoir and prevent S. suis disease in pigs.
BACKGROUND:Streptococcus suis is an emerging zoonotic agent. Its natural habitat is the tonsils, which are the main portals of S. suis entry into the bloodstream of pigs. The remarkable variability of the bacteria and complex pathogenic mechanisms make the development of a vaccine a difficult task. METHOD: Five conserved virulence factors involved in critical events of S. suis pathogenesis were combined and used as an intranasal vaccine (V5). The effect of V5 was investigated with intranasal and systemic challenge models. RESULTS: V5 induced antibody and T-cell responses at the mucosal site and systemically. The immunity promoted clearance of S. suis from the nasopharynx independent of S. suis serotypes and reduced lethality after systemic challenge with S. suis serotype 2. Moreover, mice that survived sepsis from intravenous infection developed meningitis, whereas none of these mice showed neuropathological symptoms after V5 receipt. CONCLUSION: Intranasal immunization with multiple conserved virulence factors decreases S. suis colonization at the nasopharynx across serotypes and inhibits the dissemination of the bacteria in the host. The protective mucosal immunity effects would potentially reduce the S. suis reservoir and prevent S. suis disease in pigs.
Authors: Mariela Segura; Virginia Aragon; Susan L Brockmeier; Connie Gebhart; Astrid de Greeff; Anusak Kerdsin; Mark A O'Dea; Masatoshi Okura; Mariette Saléry; Constance Schultsz; Peter Valentin-Weigand; Lucy A Weinert; Jerry M Wells; Marcelo Gottschalk Journal: Pathogens Date: 2020-05-14
Authors: Sophie McKenna; Kristin Krohn Huse; Sean Giblin; Max Pearson; Mohammed Said Majid Al Shibar; Shiranee Sriskandan; Stephen Matthews; James Edward Pease Journal: J Innate Immun Date: 2021-10-14 Impact factor: 7.111