Nitesh P Patel1, Kristopher A Lyon1,2, Jason H Huang1,2. 1. Texas A&M College of Medicine , Temple , TX , USA. 2. Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health , Temple , TX , USA.
Abstract
Objectives: Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults, and despite decades of intensive research regarding its pathophysiology and treatment, the prognosis for glioblastoma patients remains poor. While many studies have analyzed various factors that may influence survival outcomes, the focus of this brief review is to discuss the influence that apatient's race/ethnicity has on survival. This factor has been investigated in large population-based studies and in smaller institutional analyses, but the prognostic utility of this factor has been inconsistent. Discussion of this topic is therefore warranted to better equip providers to counsel and treat patients with glioblastoma, as well as to identify areas of future research. Methods: A comprehensive literature search is performed to identify studies that reported GBM survival outcomes by race/ethnicity. Results: Although some discrepancies exist, asignificant survival benefit is associated with the Asian or Pacific Islander (API) race, whereas white patients have the poorest survival and highest incidence. Hispanic patients tend to fare better than white patients but have worse survival than APIs. Discussion: Further analysis into the differences in survival among different races may lead to an increased understanding of potential molecular and genetic targets, thus guiding future treatment plans for these patients. Abbreviations: AAAIR: Average Annual Age-Adjusted Incidence Rate; AI/AN: American Indian or Alaska Native; API: Asian or Pacific Islander; CBTRUS: Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States; CUMC: Columbia University Medical Center; EOR: Extent of Resection; Exc: Excluded; GBM: Glioblastoma; GTR: Gross Total Resection; IDH-1: Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1; MGMT: O6-Methylguanine DNA Methyltransferase; NCDB: National Cancer Database; OS: Overall Survival; O/U: Other/Unknown; PFS: Progression-Free Survival; SEER: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results; S&W BTR: Scott & White Brain Tumor Registry; UCLA: University of California Los Angeles; UM: University of Miami.
Objectives:Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults, and despite decades of intensive research regarding its pathophysiology and treatment, the prognosis for glioblastomapatients remains poor. While many studies have analyzed various factors that may influence survival outcomes, the focus of this brief review is to discuss the influence that apatient's race/ethnicity has on survival. This factor has been investigated in large population-based studies and in smaller institutional analyses, but the prognostic utility of this factor has been inconsistent. Discussion of this topic is therefore warranted to better equip providers to counsel and treat patients with glioblastoma, as well as to identify areas of future research. Methods: A comprehensive literature search is performed to identify studies that reported GBM survival outcomes by race/ethnicity. Results: Although some discrepancies exist, asignificant survival benefit is associated with the Asian or Pacific Islander (API) race, whereas white patients have the poorest survival and highest incidence. Hispanic patients tend to fare better than white patients but have worse survival than APIs. Discussion: Further analysis into the differences in survival among different races may lead to an increased understanding of potential molecular and genetic targets, thus guiding future treatment plans for these patients. Abbreviations: AAAIR: Average Annual Age-Adjusted Incidence Rate; AI/AN: American Indian or Alaska Native; API: Asian or Pacific Islander; CBTRUS: Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States; CUMC: Columbia University Medical Center; EOR: Extent of Resection; Exc: Excluded; GBM: Glioblastoma; GTR: Gross Total Resection; IDH-1: Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1; MGMT: O6-Methylguanine DNA Methyltransferase; NCDB: National Cancer Database; OS: Overall Survival; O/U: Other/Unknown; PFS: Progression-Free Survival; SEER: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results; S&W BTR: Scott & White Brain Tumor Registry; UCLA: University of California Los Angeles; UM: University of Miami.
Authors: Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan; John L Maldonado; Vonetta L Williams; William T Curry; Elizabeth A Rodkey; Frederick G Barker; Andrew E Sloan Journal: J Neurooncol Date: 2007-05-26 Impact factor: 4.130
Authors: Damir Nizamutdinov; Eileen M Stock; Jad A Dandashi; Eliana A Vasquez; Ying Mao; Samantha Dayawansa; Jun Zhang; Erxi Wu; Ekokobe Fonkem; Jason H Huang Journal: World Neurosurg Date: 2017-09-23 Impact factor: 2.104
Authors: M Lacroix; D Abi-Said; D R Fourney; Z L Gokaslan; W Shi; F DeMonte; F F Lang; I E McCutcheon; S J Hassenbusch; E Holland; K Hess; C Michael; D Miller; R Sawaya Journal: J Neurosurg Date: 2001-08 Impact factor: 5.115
Authors: Maryam Shabihkhani; Donatello Telesca; Masoud Movassaghi; Yalda B Naeini; Kourosh M Naeini; Seyed Amin Hojat; Diviya Gupta; Gregory M Lucey; Michael Ontiveros; Michael W Wang; Lauren S Hanna; Desiree E Sanchez; Sergey Mareninov; Negar Khanlou; Harry V Vinters; Marvin Bergsneider; Phioanh Leia Nghiemphu; Albert Lai; Linda M Liau; Timothy F Cloughesy; William H Yong Journal: J Neurooncol Date: 2017-02-04 Impact factor: 4.130
Authors: Paul Farah; Rachel Blanda; Courtney Kromer; Quinn T Ostrom; Carol Kruchko; Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan Journal: J Neurooncol Date: 2016-04-19 Impact factor: 4.130
Authors: Jigisha P Thakkar; Therese A Dolecek; Craig Horbinski; Quinn T Ostrom; Donita D Lightner; Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan; John L Villano Journal: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev Date: 2014-07-22 Impact factor: 4.254
Authors: Andrew Bohn; Alexander Braley; Pura Rodriguez de la Vega; Juan Carlos Zevallos; Noël C Barengo Journal: PLoS One Date: 2018-06-21 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Victor M Lu; Daniel G Eichberg; Evan M Luther; Ashish H Shah; David J Daniels; Ossama M Maher; Toba N Niazi Journal: Childs Nerv Syst Date: 2021-10-13 Impact factor: 1.475
Authors: Tiffany R Hodges; Collin M Labak; Uma V Mahajan; Christina Huang Wright; James Wright; Gino Cioffi; Haley Gittleman; Eric Z Herring; Xiaofei Zhou; Kelsey Duncan; Carol Kruchko; Andrew E Sloan; Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan Journal: Neurooncol Adv Date: 2021-03-06