Nzechukwu M Isiozor1, Setor K Kunutsor2,3, Ari Voutilainen1, Sudhir Kurl1, Jussi Kauhanen1, Jari A Laukkanen4,5. 1. School of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland. 2. National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol , Bristol , UK. 3. Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Musculoskeletal Research Unit, University of Bristol , Bristol , UK. 4. Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla , Jyvaskyla , Finland. 5. Central Finland Health Care District, Department of Internal Medicine , Jyvaskyla , Finland.
Abstract
Background: The burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) prompted the American Heart Association to develop a cardiovascular health (CVH) metric as a measure to assess the cardiovascular status of the population. We aimed to assess the association between CVH scores and the risk of CVD mortality among a middle-aged Finnish population. Methods: We employed the prospective population-based Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease cohort study comprising of middle-aged men (42-60 years). CVH scores were computed among 2607 participants at baseline and categorized as optimum (0-4), average (5-9), or inadequate (10-14) CVH. Multivariate cox regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of CVH score for cardiovascular mortality. Results: During a median follow-up period of 25.8 years, 609 CVD mortality cases were recorded. The risk of CVD mortality increased gradually with increasing CVH score across the range 3-14 (p-value for non-linearity =.77). Men with optimum CVH score had HR (95% CI) for CVD mortality of 0.30 (CI 0.21 - 0.42, p < .0001) compared to those with inadequate CVH score after adjustment for conventional cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusions: CVH score was strongly and continuously associated with the risk of CVD mortality among middle-aged Finnish population and this was independent of other conventional risk factors. Key messages Achieving optimum cardiovascular health score reduces the risk of cardiovascular mortality. Adopting the American Heart Association's cardiovascular health metrics is a welcome approach for public health awareness and monitoring of cardiovascular health among Scandinavian population.
Background: The burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) prompted the American Heart Association to develop a cardiovascular health (CVH) metric as a measure to assess the cardiovascular status of the population. We aimed to assess the association between CVH scores and the risk of CVD mortality among a middle-aged Finnish population. Methods: We employed the prospective population-based Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease cohort study comprising of middle-aged men (42-60 years). CVH scores were computed among 2607 participants at baseline and categorized as optimum (0-4), average (5-9), or inadequate (10-14) CVH. Multivariate cox regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of CVH score for cardiovascular mortality. Results: During a median follow-up period of 25.8 years, 609 CVD mortality cases were recorded. The risk of CVD mortality increased gradually with increasing CVH score across the range 3-14 (p-value for non-linearity =.77). Men with optimum CVH score had HR (95% CI) for CVD mortality of 0.30 (CI 0.21 - 0.42, p < .0001) compared to those with inadequate CVH score after adjustment for conventional cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusions: CVH score was strongly and continuously associated with the risk of CVD mortality among middle-aged Finnish population and this was independent of other conventional risk factors. Key messages Achieving optimum cardiovascular health score reduces the risk of cardiovascular mortality. Adopting the American Heart Association's cardiovascular health metrics is a welcome approach for public health awareness and monitoring of cardiovascular health among Scandinavian population.
Entities:
Keywords:
Cardiovascular disease; cardiovascular mortality; health metrics; health score; risk factor
Authors: J A Iestra; D Kromhout; Y T van der Schouw; D E Grobbee; H C Boshuizen; W A van Staveren Journal: Circulation Date: 2005-08-09 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Beatriz Cepeda-Valery; Gregg S Pressman; Vincent M Figueredo; Abel Romero-Corral Journal: Nat Rev Cardiol Date: 2011-01-25 Impact factor: 32.419
Authors: Vanessa Xanthakis; Danielle M Enserro; Joanne M Murabito; Joseph F Polak; Kai C Wollert; James L Januzzi; Thomas J Wang; Geoffrey Tofler; Ramachandran S Vasan Journal: Circulation Date: 2014-10-01 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Mariel M Finucane; Gretchen A Stevens; Melanie J Cowan; Goodarz Danaei; John K Lin; Christopher J Paciorek; Gitanjali M Singh; Hialy R Gutierrez; Yuan Lu; Adil N Bahalim; Farshad Farzadfar; Leanne M Riley; Majid Ezzati Journal: Lancet Date: 2011-02-03 Impact factor: 79.321