Lea Bentur1, Michal Gur2, Moshe Ashkenazi3, Galit Livnat-Levanon4, Marko Mizrahi5, Asher Tal5, Abdi Ghaffari5, Yuval Geffen6, Micha Aviram7, Ori Efrati8. 1. Pediatric Pulmonary Institute and CF Center, Ruth Children's Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, POB 9602, Haifa, Israel; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. Electronic address: l_bentur@rambam.health.gov.il. 2. Pediatric Pulmonary Institute and CF Center, Ruth Children's Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, POB 9602, Haifa, Israel; Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. 3. Pediatric Pulmonary Institute and National CF Center, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Pediatric Pulmonary Unit, Soroka University Medical Center POB 151, Beer-Sheva, Israel. 4. Pediatric Pulmonology Unit and CF Center, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel. 5. AIT Therapeutics Inc, Garden City, NY 11530, USA. 6. Microbiology Laboratory, Rambam Health Care Campus, POB 9602, Haifa, Israel. 7. Pediatric Pulmonary Unit, Soroka University Medical Center POB 151, Beer-Sheva, Israel. 8. Pediatric Pulmonary Institute and National CF Center, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, POB 39040, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Airways of Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients are Nitric Oxide (NO) deficient which may contribute to impaired lung function and infection clearance. Mycobacterium abscessus (M. abscessus) infection prevalence is increasing in CF patients and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Here, we assess the safety and efficacy of intermittent inhaled NO (iNO) as adjuvant therapy in CF patients with refractory M. abscessus lung infection. METHODS: A prospective, open-label pilot study of iNO (160 ppm) administered five times/day during hospitalization (14 days), and three times/day during ambulatory treatment (7 days) was conducted. The primary outcome was safety measured by NO-related adverse events (AEs). Secondary outcomes were six-minute walk distance (6MWD), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), and M. abscessus burden in airways. RESULTS: Nine subjects were recruited. INO at 160 ppm was well-tolerated and no iNO-related SAEs were observed during the study. Mean FEV1 and 6WMD were increased relative to baseline during NO treatment. M. abscessus culture conversion was not achieved, but 3/9 patients experienced at least one negative culture during the study. Mean time to positivity in M. abscessus culture, and qPCR analysis showed reductions in sputum bacterial load. The study was not powered to achieve statistical significance in FEV1, 6WMD, and bacterial load. CONCLUSIONS: Intermittent iNO at 160 ppm is well tolerated and safe and led to increases in mean 6MWD and FEV1. INO exhibited potential antibacterial activity against M. abscessus. Further evaluation of secondary endpoints in a larger cohort of CF patients is warranted to demonstrate statistical significance.
BACKGROUND: Airways of Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients are Nitric Oxide (NO) deficient which may contribute to impaired lung function and infection clearance. Mycobacterium abscessus (M. abscessus) infection prevalence is increasing in CFpatients and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Here, we assess the safety and efficacy of intermittent inhaled NO (iNO) as adjuvant therapy in CFpatients with refractory M. abscessus lung infection. METHODS: A prospective, open-label pilot study of iNO (160 ppm) administered five times/day during hospitalization (14 days), and three times/day during ambulatory treatment (7 days) was conducted. The primary outcome was safety measured by NO-related adverse events (AEs). Secondary outcomes were six-minute walk distance (6MWD), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), and M. abscessus burden in airways. RESULTS: Nine subjects were recruited. INO at 160 ppm was well-tolerated and no iNO-related SAEs were observed during the study. Mean FEV1 and 6WMD were increased relative to baseline during NO treatment. M. abscessus culture conversion was not achieved, but 3/9 patients experienced at least one negative culture during the study. Mean time to positivity in M. abscessus culture, and qPCR analysis showed reductions in sputum bacterial load. The study was not powered to achieve statistical significance in FEV1, 6WMD, and bacterial load. CONCLUSIONS: Intermittent iNO at 160 ppm is well tolerated and safe and led to increases in mean 6MWD and FEV1. INO exhibited potential antibacterial activity against M. abscessus. Further evaluation of secondary endpoints in a larger cohort of CFpatients is warranted to demonstrate statistical significance.
Authors: Bethany L Bartley; Kelly J Gardner; Stefano Spina; Bryan P Hurley; David Campeau; Lorenzo Berra; Lael M Yonker; Ryan W Carroll Journal: Case Rep Pediatr Date: 2020-06-24
Authors: Kristijan Bogdanovski; Trisha Chau; Chevalia J Robinson; Sandra D MacDonald; Ann M Peterson; Christine M Mashek; Windy A Wallin; Mark Rimkus; Frederick Montgomery; Joas Lucas da Silva; Shashank Gupta; Abdi Ghaffari; Adrian M Zelazny; Kenneth N Olivier Journal: Access Microbiol Date: 2020-08-10