Beth E Meyerson1,2, Alissa Davis3, Hilary Reno4, Laura T Haderxhanaj1,2, M Aaron Sayegh5, Megan K Simmons1,2, Gurprit Multani1,2, Lindsey Naeyaert1,2, Audra Meador1,2, Bradley P Stoner6,7. 1. 1 Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA. 2. 2 Rural Center for AIDS/STD Prevention, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA. 3. 3 Columbia University School of Social Work, New York, NY, USA. 4. 4 Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA. 5. 5 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA. 6. 6 Departments of Anthropology and Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA. 7. 7 St. Louis STD/HIV Prevention Training Center, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Studies of sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics have been limited by the lack of a national list for representative sampling. We sought to establish the number, type, and distribution of STD clinics and describe selected community characteristics associated with them. METHODS: We conducted a 2-phased, multilevel, online search from September 2014 through March 2015 and from May through October 2017 to identify STD clinics in all 50 US states and the District of Columbia. We obtained data on clinic name, address, contact information, and 340B funding status (which requires manufacturers to provide outpatient drugs at reduced prices). We classified clinics by type. We also obtained secondary county-level data to compare rates of chlamydia and HIV, teen births, uninsurance and unemployment, and high school graduation; ratios of primary care physician to population; health care costs; median household income; and percentage of population living in rural areas vs nonrural areas. We used t tests to examine mean differences in characteristics between counties with and without STD clinics. RESULTS: We found 4079 STD clinics and classified them into 10 types; 2530 (62.0%) clinics were affiliated with a local health department. Of 3129 counties, 1098 (35.1%) did not have an STD clinic. Twelve states had an STD clinic in every county, and 34 states had ≥1 clinic per 100 000 population. Most STD clinics were located in areas of high chlamydia morbidity and where other surrogate needs were greatest; rural areas were underserved by STD clinics. CONCLUSIONS: This list may aid in more comprehensive national studies of clinic services, STD clinic adaptation to external policy changes (eg, in public financing or patient access policy), and long-term clinic survival, with special attention to clinic coverage in rural areas.
OBJECTIVES: Studies of sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics have been limited by the lack of a national list for representative sampling. We sought to establish the number, type, and distribution of STD clinics and describe selected community characteristics associated with them. METHODS: We conducted a 2-phased, multilevel, online search from September 2014 through March 2015 and from May through October 2017 to identify STD clinics in all 50 US states and the District of Columbia. We obtained data on clinic name, address, contact information, and 340B funding status (which requires manufacturers to provide outpatient drugs at reduced prices). We classified clinics by type. We also obtained secondary county-level data to compare rates of chlamydia and HIV, teen births, uninsurance and unemployment, and high school graduation; ratios of primary care physician to population; health care costs; median household income; and percentage of population living in rural areas vs nonrural areas. We used t tests to examine mean differences in characteristics between counties with and without STD clinics. RESULTS: We found 4079 STD clinics and classified them into 10 types; 2530 (62.0%) clinics were affiliated with a local health department. Of 3129 counties, 1098 (35.1%) did not have an STD clinic. Twelve states had an STD clinic in every county, and 34 states had ≥1 clinic per 100 000 population. Most STD clinics were located in areas of high chlamydia morbidity and where other surrogate needs were greatest; rural areas were underserved by STD clinics. CONCLUSIONS: This list may aid in more comprehensive national studies of clinic services, STD clinic adaptation to external policy changes (eg, in public financing or patient access policy), and long-term clinic survival, with special attention to clinic coverage in rural areas.
Entities:
Keywords:
STD clinics; health services research; safety-net health
Authors: Emily McGinnis; Beth E Meyerson; Elissa Meites; Mona Saraiya; Rebecca Griesse; Emily Snoek; Laura Haderxhanaj; Lauri E Markowitz; William Smith Journal: Sex Transm Dis Date: 2017-10 Impact factor: 2.830
Authors: Cara Exten; Casey N Pinto; Anne M Gaynor; Beth Meyerson; Stacey B Griner; Barbara Van Der Pol Journal: Sex Transm Dis Date: 2021-11-01 Impact factor: 3.868