Rachael Gardner1, Allison Feely2, Richard Layte3, James Williams4, Jonathan McGavock5,6. 1. Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. 2. Centre for Healthcare Innovation, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. 3. Department of Sociology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. 4. Economic and Social Research Institute of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland. 5. Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. jmcgavock@chrim.ca. 6. Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Research Theme, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. jmcgavock@chrim.ca.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether adverse childhood experiences were associated with weight gain and obesity risk in adolescence. METHODS: We analyzed data from 6942 adolescents followed between 9 and 13 years of age in the Growing Up in Ireland cohort study. The main exposures were 14 adverse childhood experiences, 4 of which were included in the Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) study. The primary outcome was incident overweight and obesity at 13 years. Secondary outcomes included prevalent overweight/obesity and weight gain. RESULTS: More than 75% of the youth experienced an adverse experience and 17% experienced an ACE-specific experience before 9 years. At 13 years, 48% were female and 31.4% were overweight or obese. After adjusting for confounding, exposure to any adverse experience was associated with prevalent overweight/obesity (aOR: 1.56; 1.19-2.05) and incident overweight/obesity (adjusted IRR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.37-3.39), while exposure to an ACE-specific exposure was associated weight gain (BMI Z score change = 0.202; 95% CI: 0.100-0.303). A significant interaction between income and adverse childhood experiences was observed for both incident overweight/obesity and weight gain (BMI Z change: -0.046; 95% CI: -0.092 to 0.000). CONCLUSIONS: Adverse childhood experiences and low income interact and independently predict obesity risk in early adolescence.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether adverse childhood experiences were associated with weight gain and obesity risk in adolescence. METHODS: We analyzed data from 6942 adolescents followed between 9 and 13 years of age in the Growing Up in Ireland cohort study. The main exposures were 14 adverse childhood experiences, 4 of which were included in the Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) study. The primary outcome was incident overweight and obesity at 13 years. Secondary outcomes included prevalent overweight/obesity and weight gain. RESULTS: More than 75% of the youth experienced an adverse experience and 17% experienced an ACE-specific experience before 9 years. At 13 years, 48% were female and 31.4% were overweight or obese. After adjusting for confounding, exposure to any adverse experience was associated with prevalent overweight/obesity (aOR: 1.56; 1.19-2.05) and incident overweight/obesity (adjusted IRR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.37-3.39), while exposure to an ACE-specific exposure was associated weight gain (BMI Z score change = 0.202; 95% CI: 0.100-0.303). A significant interaction between income and adverse childhood experiences was observed for both incident overweight/obesity and weight gain (BMI Z change: -0.046; 95% CI: -0.092 to 0.000). CONCLUSIONS: Adverse childhood experiences and low income interact and independently predict obesity risk in early adolescence.
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Authors: Qiang Luo; Lingli Zhang; Chu-Chung Huang; Yan Zheng; Jonathan W Kanen; Qi Zhao; Ye Yao; Erin B Quinlan; Tianye Jia; Tobias Banaschewski; Arun L W Bokde; Uli Bromberg; Christian Büchel; Herta Flor; Vincent Frouin; Hugh Garavan; Penny Gowland; Andreas Heinz; Bernd Ittermann; Jean-Luc Martinot; Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot; Frauke Nees; Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos; Luise Poustka; Sarah Hohmann; Juliane H Fröhner; Michael N Smolka; Henrik Walter; Robert Whelan; Barbara J Sahakian; Gunter Schumann; Fei Li; Jianfeng Feng; Sylvane Desrivières; Trevor W Robbins Journal: BMC Med Date: 2020-10-15 Impact factor: 11.150