Tiina M Remes1, Maria H Suo-Palosaari2,3,4, Vesa-Pekka Heikkilä5, Anna K Sutela6, Päivi K T Koskenkorva6, Sanna-Maria Toiviainen-Salo7, Liisa Porra8, Pekka M Arikoski9,10, Päivi M Lähteenmäki11, Tytti M-L Pokka1, Mikko O Arola12, V Pekka Riikonen9,10, Kirsti H Sirkiä13, Tuula R I Lönnqvist14, Heikki M J Rantala1, Marja K Ojaniemi1, Arja H Harila-Saari15. 1. Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. 2. Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. 3. Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. 4. Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. 5. Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. 6. Department of Clinical Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland. 7. Department of Pediatric Radiology, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. 8. Department of Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. 9. Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland. 10. University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. 11. Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, Turku University Hospital and Turku University, Turku, Finland. 12. Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland. 13. Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. 14. Department of Child Neurology, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. 15. Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Abstract
Purpose: Childhood brain tumors (CBTs) and their treatment increase the risk of secondary neoplasms (SNs). We studied the incidence of secondary craniospinal tumors with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) screening in a national cohort of survivors of CBT treated with radiotherapy, and we analyzed the Finnish Cancer Registry (FCR) data on SNs in survivors of CBT with radiotherapy registered as a part of the primary tumor treatment. Methods: A total of 73 survivors of CBT participated in the MRI study (mean follow-up of 19 ± 6.2 years). The incidence of SNs in a cohort of CBT patients (N = 569) was retrieved from the FCR (mean follow-up of 11 ± 12.9 years). Brain tumors were diagnosed at age ≤16 years between the years 1970 and 2008 in the clinical study and the years 1963 and 2010 in the FCR population. Results: Secondary brain tumors, meningiomas in all and schwannoma in one, were found in 6 of the 73 (8.2%) survivors with a mean of 23 ± 4.3 years after the diagnosis of the primary tumor. The cumulative incidence was 10.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.9-25.1) in 25 years of follow-up. In the FCR data, the 25-year cumulative incidence of SNs was 2.4% (95% CI 1.3-4.1); only two brain tumors, no meningiomas, were registered. Conclusion: Survivors of CBT treated with radiotherapy have a high incidence of meningiomas, which are rarely registered in the FCR.
Purpose: Childhood brain tumors (CBTs) and their treatment increase the risk of secondary neoplasms (SNs). We studied the incidence of secondary craniospinal tumors with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) screening in a national cohort of survivors of CBT treated with radiotherapy, and we analyzed the Finnish Cancer Registry (FCR) data on SNs in survivors of CBT with radiotherapy registered as a part of the primary tumor treatment. Methods: A total of 73 survivors of CBT participated in the MRI study (mean follow-up of 19 ± 6.2 years). The incidence of SNs in a cohort of CBTpatients (N = 569) was retrieved from the FCR (mean follow-up of 11 ± 12.9 years). Brain tumors were diagnosed at age ≤16 years between the years 1970 and 2008 in the clinical study and the years 1963 and 2010 in the FCR population. Results: Secondary brain tumors, meningiomas in all and schwannoma in one, were found in 6 of the 73 (8.2%) survivors with a mean of 23 ± 4.3 years after the diagnosis of the primary tumor. The cumulative incidence was 10.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.9-25.1) in 25 years of follow-up. In the FCR data, the 25-year cumulative incidence of SNs was 2.4% (95% CI 1.3-4.1); only two brain tumors, no meningiomas, were registered. Conclusion: Survivors of CBT treated with radiotherapy have a high incidence of meningiomas, which are rarely registered in the FCR.
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