Barry G Hansford1, Megan K Mills2, Christopher J Hanrahan2, Corrie M Yablon3. 1. Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA. hansford@ohsu.edu. 2. Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, 30 N 1900 E, Rm #1A71, Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA. 3. University of Michigan Health System, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, TC2910Q, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This article provides a comprehensive, joint-by-joint review of fluoroscopic-guided foot and ankle injections and emphasizes pre-procedural planning, relevant anatomy, appropriate technique, troubleshooting the difficult procedure, and the importance of communicating unexpected findings with the referring clinician. The interrogation of pain generators including variant ossicles, fractures, and post-surgical/traumatic findings is also described. CONCLUSIONS: Even the most challenging foot and ankle injections may be successfully completed with a solid anatomical understanding and thoughtful approach.
OBJECTIVE: This article provides a comprehensive, joint-by-joint review of fluoroscopic-guided foot and ankle injections and emphasizes pre-procedural planning, relevant anatomy, appropriate technique, troubleshooting the difficult procedure, and the importance of communicating unexpected findings with the referring clinician. The interrogation of pain generators including variant ossicles, fractures, and post-surgical/traumatic findings is also described. CONCLUSIONS: Even the most challenging foot and ankle injections may be successfully completed with a solid anatomical understanding and thoughtful approach.
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