Lara E Davis1, Vanessa Bolejack2, Christopher W Ryan1, Kristen N Ganjoo3, Elizabeth T Loggers4, Sant Chawla5, Mark Agulnik6, Michael B Livingston7, Damon Reed8, Vicky Keedy9, Daniel Rushing10, Scott Okuno11, Denise K Reinke12, Richard F Riedel13, Steven Attia14, Leo Mascarenhas15, Robert G Maki16. 1. 1 Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR. 2. 2 Cancer Research and Biostatistics, Seattle, WA. 3. 3 Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA. 4. 4 Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA. 5. 5 Sarcoma Oncology Research Center, Santa Monica, CA. 6. 6 Northwestern University, Chicago, IL. 7. 7 Levine Cancer Institute, Charlotte, NC. 8. 8 H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL. 9. 9 Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN. 10. 10 Indiana University, Bloomington, IN. 11. 11 Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN. 12. 12 Sarcoma Alliance for Research Through Collaboration, Ann Arbor, MI. 13. 13 Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC. 14. 14 Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL. 15. 15 Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA. 16. 16 Monter Cancer Center, Northwell Health, Lake Success, NY, and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY.
Abstract
PURPOSE: SARC024 is a phase II clinical trial of the multikinase inhibitor regorafenib in specific sarcoma subtypes, including advanced osteosarcoma. We hypothesized that regorafenib would improve progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with sarcoma and report the results of the osteosarcoma cohort. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This trial enrolled patients with progressive metastatic osteosarcoma with measurable disease by RECIST who had received at least one prior line of therapy. Patients were randomly assigned at a ratio of one to one to regorafenib or placebo. Crossover was allowed at time of disease progression. PFS was the primary end point of the study, which was powered to detect a difference of at least 3 months in median PFS. RESULTS:Forty-two patients from 12 centers were enrolled between September 2014 and May 2018. Median age was 37 years (range, 18 to 76 years). Patients had received an average of 2.3 prior therapy regimens. Ten patients receiving placebo crossed over to active drug at time of progression. Study enrollment was stopped early, after a data safety monitoring committee review. Median PFS was significantly improved with regorafenib versus placebo: 3.6 months (95% CI, 2.0 to 7.6 months) versus 1.7 months (95% CI, 1.2 to 1.8 months), respectively (hazard ratio, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.21 to 0.85; P = .017). In the context of the crossover design, there was no statistically significant difference in overall survival. Fourteen (64%) of 22 patients initially randomly assigned to regorafenib experienced grade 3 to 4 events attributed to treatment, including one grade 4 colonic perforation. CONCLUSION: The study met its primary end point, demonstrating activity of regorafenib in patients with progressive metastatic osteosarcoma. No new safety signals were observed. Regorafenib should be considered a treatment option for patients with relapsed metastatic osteosarcoma.
RCT Entities:
PURPOSE: SARC024 is a phase II clinical trial of the multikinase inhibitor regorafenib in specific sarcoma subtypes, including advanced osteosarcoma. We hypothesized that regorafenib would improve progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with sarcoma and report the results of the osteosarcoma cohort. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This trial enrolled patients with progressive metastatic osteosarcoma with measurable disease by RECIST who had received at least one prior line of therapy. Patients were randomly assigned at a ratio of one to one to regorafenib or placebo. Crossover was allowed at time of disease progression. PFS was the primary end point of the study, which was powered to detect a difference of at least 3 months in median PFS. RESULTS: Forty-two patients from 12 centers were enrolled between September 2014 and May 2018. Median age was 37 years (range, 18 to 76 years). Patients had received an average of 2.3 prior therapy regimens. Ten patients receiving placebo crossed over to active drug at time of progression. Study enrollment was stopped early, after a data safety monitoring committee review. Median PFS was significantly improved with regorafenib versus placebo: 3.6 months (95% CI, 2.0 to 7.6 months) versus 1.7 months (95% CI, 1.2 to 1.8 months), respectively (hazard ratio, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.21 to 0.85; P = .017). In the context of the crossover design, there was no statistically significant difference in overall survival. Fourteen (64%) of 22 patients initially randomly assigned to regorafenib experienced grade 3 to 4 events attributed to treatment, including one grade 4 colonic perforation. CONCLUSION: The study met its primary end point, demonstrating activity of regorafenib in patients with progressive metastatic osteosarcoma. No new safety signals were observed. Regorafenib should be considered a treatment option for patients with relapsed metastatic osteosarcoma.
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