Tess Armstrong1,2, Karrie V Ly3,4, Shahnaz Ghahremani1, Kara L Calkins3, Holden H Wu5,6. 1. Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, 300 UCLA Medical Plaza, Ste. B119, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. 2. Physics and Biology in Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 3. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Mattel Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 4. Physician Assistant Program, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA. 5. Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, 300 UCLA Medical Plaza, Ste. B119, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. holdenwu@mednet.ucla.edu. 6. Physics and Biology in Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. holdenwu@mednet.ucla.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Body composition and hepatic fat correlate with future risk for metabolic syndrome. In children, many conventional techniques for quantifying body composition and hepatic fat have limitations. MRI is a noninvasive research tool to study body composition and hepatic fat in infants; however, conventional Cartesian MRI is sensitive to motion, particularly in the abdomen because of respiration. Therefore we developed a free-breathing MRI technique to quantify body composition and hepatic fat in infants. OBJECTIVE: In infants, we aimed to (1) compare the image quality between free-breathing 3-D stack-of-radial MRI (free-breathing radial) and 3-D Cartesian MRI in the liver and (2) determine the feasibility of using free-breathing radial MRI to quantify body composition and hepatic proton-density fat fraction (PDFF). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten infants ages 2-7 months were scanned with free-breathing radial (two abdominal; one head and chest) and Cartesian (one abdominal) MRI sequences. The median preparation and scan times were reported. To assess feasibility for hepatic PDFF quantification, a radiologist masked to the MRI technique scored abdominal scans for motion artifacts in the liver using a 3-point scale (1, or non-diagnostic, to 3, or no artifacts). Median visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) volume and PDFF, and hepatic PDFF were measured using free-breathing radial MRI. We assessed repeatability of free-breathing radial hepatic PDFF (coefficient of repeatability) between back-to-back scans. We determined differences in the distribution of image-quality scores using McNemar-Bowker tests. P<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Nine infants completed the entire study (90% completion). For ten infants, the median preparation time was 32 min and scan time was 24 min. Free-breathing radial MRI demonstrated significantly higher image-quality scores compared to Cartesian MRI in the liver (radial scan 1 median = 2 and radial scan 2 median = 3 vs. Cartesian median = 1; P=0.01). Median measurements using free-breathing radial were VAT=52.0 cm3, VAT-PDFF=42.2%, SAT=267.7 cm3, SAT-PDFF=87.1%, BAT=1.4 cm3, BAT-PDFF=26.1% and hepatic PDFF=3.4% (coefficient of repeatability <2.0%). CONCLUSION: In this study, free-breathing radial MRI in infants achieved significantly improved liver image quality compared to Cartesian MRI. It is feasible to use free-breathing radial MRI to quantify body composition and hepatic fat in infants.
BACKGROUND: Body composition and hepatic fat correlate with future risk for metabolic syndrome. In children, many conventional techniques for quantifying body composition and hepatic fat have limitations. MRI is a noninvasive research tool to study body composition and hepatic fat in infants; however, conventional Cartesian MRI is sensitive to motion, particularly in the abdomen because of respiration. Therefore we developed a free-breathing MRI technique to quantify body composition and hepatic fat in infants. OBJECTIVE: In infants, we aimed to (1) compare the image quality between free-breathing 3-D stack-of-radial MRI (free-breathing radial) and 3-D Cartesian MRI in the liver and (2) determine the feasibility of using free-breathing radial MRI to quantify body composition and hepatic proton-density fat fraction (PDFF). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten infants ages 2-7 months were scanned with free-breathing radial (two abdominal; one head and chest) and Cartesian (one abdominal) MRI sequences. The median preparation and scan times were reported. To assess feasibility for hepatic PDFF quantification, a radiologist masked to the MRI technique scored abdominal scans for motion artifacts in the liver using a 3-point scale (1, or non-diagnostic, to 3, or no artifacts). Median visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) volume and PDFF, and hepatic PDFF were measured using free-breathing radial MRI. We assessed repeatability of free-breathing radial hepatic PDFF (coefficient of repeatability) between back-to-back scans. We determined differences in the distribution of image-quality scores using McNemar-Bowker tests. P<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Nine infants completed the entire study (90% completion). For ten infants, the median preparation time was 32 min and scan time was 24 min. Free-breathing radial MRI demonstrated significantly higher image-quality scores compared to Cartesian MRI in the liver (radial scan 1 median = 2 and radial scan 2 median = 3 vs. Cartesian median = 1; P=0.01). Median measurements using free-breathing radial were VAT=52.0 cm3, VAT-PDFF=42.2%, SAT=267.7 cm3, SAT-PDFF=87.1%, BAT=1.4 cm3, BAT-PDFF=26.1% and hepatic PDFF=3.4% (coefficient of repeatability <2.0%). CONCLUSION: In this study, free-breathing radial MRI in infants achieved significantly improved liver image quality compared to Cartesian MRI. It is feasible to use free-breathing radial MRI to quantify body composition and hepatic fat in infants.
Entities:
Keywords:
Body composition; Free-breathing; Infant; Magnetic resonance imaging; Proton-density fat fraction; Radial magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Jonathan Windram; Lars Grosse-Wortmann; Masoud Shariat; Mary-Louise Greer; Mark W Crawford; Shi-Joon Yoo Journal: Pediatr Radiol Date: 2011-08-23
Authors: Jie Deng; Samantha E Schoeneman; Huiyuan Zhang; Soyang Kwon; Cynthia K Rigsby; Richard M Shore; Jami L Josefson Journal: Pediatr Radiol Date: 2015-06-20
Authors: Li Feng; Leon Axel; Hersh Chandarana; Kai Tobias Block; Daniel K Sodickson; Ricardo Otazo Journal: Magn Reson Med Date: 2015-03-25 Impact factor: 4.668
Authors: Jerod M Rasmussen; Sonja Entringer; Annie Nguyen; Theo G M van Erp; Joshua Burns; Ana Guijarro; Fariba Oveisi; James M Swanson; Daniele Piomelli; Pathik D Wadhwa; Claudia Buss; Steven G Potkin Journal: PLoS One Date: 2013-10-30 Impact factor: 3.240