Omar Saeed1, William A Jakobleff2, Stephen J Forest2, Thiru Chinnadurai3, Nicolas Mellas2, Sabarivinoth Rangasamy3, Yu Xia2, Shivank Madan3, Prakash Acharya3, Mohammad Algodi3, Snehal R Patel3, Julia Shin3, Sasa Vukelic3, Daniel B Sims3, Morayma Reyes Gil4, Henny H Billett5, Jorge R Kizer6, Daniel J Goldstein2, Ulrich P Jorde3. 1. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York. Electronic address: osaeed@montefiore.org. 2. Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York. 3. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York. 4. Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York. 5. Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York. 6. Section of Cardiology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hemolysis, even at low levels, activates platelets to create a prothrombotic state and is common during mechanical circulatory support. We examined the association of low-level hemolysis (LLH) and nonhemorrhagic stroke during venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) support. METHODS: A single-center retrospective review of all adult patients placed on VA ECMO from January 2012 to September 2017 was conducted. To determine the association between LLH and nonhemorrhagic stroke, patients were categorized as those with and without LLH. LLH was defined by 48-hour plasma free hemoglobin (PFHb) of 11 to 50 mg/dL after VA ECMO implantation. RESULTS: Of 201 patients who underwent VA ECMO placement, 150 (75%) met inclusion criteria and comprised the study population. They were 55 ± 14 years of age and 50 (33%) were women. Sixty-two (41%) patients had LLH. Patients with LLH had a higher likelihood of incident nonhemorrhagic stroke during VA ECMO support (20 [32%] versus 4 [5%]; adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 7.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.2 to 25.9; p = 0.001). The severity of LLH was associated with an incrementally higher likelihood of a nonhemorrhagic stroke (PFHb 26 to 50 mg/dL: HR, 11.3; 95% CI, 3.6 to 35.1; p = 0.001; PFHb 11 to 25 mg/dL: HR, 4.4; 95% CI, 1.36 to 14.85; p = 0.014) in comparison with no LLH. Those with LLH had a 2-fold greater increase in mean platelet volume after VA ECMO placement (0.98 ± 1.1 fL versus 0.49 ± 0.96 fL; p = 0.03). Patients with a nonhemorrhagic stroke had a higher operative mortality (20 [83%] versus 57 [45%]; adjusted HR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.8 to 5.3; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Hemolysis at low levels during VA ECMO support is associated with subsequent nonhemorrhagic stroke.
BACKGROUND:Hemolysis, even at low levels, activates platelets to create a prothrombotic state and is common during mechanical circulatory support. We examined the association of low-level hemolysis (LLH) and nonhemorrhagic stroke during venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) support. METHODS: A single-center retrospective review of all adult patients placed on VA ECMO from January 2012 to September 2017 was conducted. To determine the association between LLH and nonhemorrhagic stroke, patients were categorized as those with and without LLH. LLH was defined by 48-hour plasma free hemoglobin (PFHb) of 11 to 50 mg/dL after VA ECMO implantation. RESULTS: Of 201 patients who underwent VA ECMO placement, 150 (75%) met inclusion criteria and comprised the study population. They were 55 ± 14 years of age and 50 (33%) were women. Sixty-two (41%) patients had LLH. Patients with LLH had a higher likelihood of incident nonhemorrhagic stroke during VA ECMO support (20 [32%] versus 4 [5%]; adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 7.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.2 to 25.9; p = 0.001). The severity of LLH was associated with an incrementally higher likelihood of a nonhemorrhagic stroke (PFHb 26 to 50 mg/dL: HR, 11.3; 95% CI, 3.6 to 35.1; p = 0.001; PFHb 11 to 25 mg/dL: HR, 4.4; 95% CI, 1.36 to 14.85; p = 0.014) in comparison with no LLH. Those with LLH had a 2-fold greater increase in mean platelet volume after VA ECMO placement (0.98 ± 1.1 fL versus 0.49 ± 0.96 fL; p = 0.03). Patients with a nonhemorrhagic stroke had a higher operative mortality (20 [83%] versus 57 [45%]; adjusted HR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.8 to 5.3; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS:Hemolysis at low levels during VA ECMO support is associated with subsequent nonhemorrhagic stroke.
Authors: Omar Saeed; Sabarivinoth Rangasamy; Ibrahim Selevany; Shivank Madan; Jeremy Fertel; Ruth Eisenberg; Mohammad Aljoudi; Snehal R Patel; Julia Shin; Daniel B Sims; Morayma Reyes Gil; Daniel J Goldstein; Marvin J Slepian; Henny H Billett; Ulrich P Jorde Journal: Circ Heart Fail Date: 2017-11 Impact factor: 8.790
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Authors: Imad R Khan; Yang Gu; Benjamin P George; Laura Malone; Kyle S Conway; Fabienne Francois; Jack Donlon; Nadim Quazi; Ashwin Reddi; Cheng-Ying Ho; Daniel L Herr; Mahlon D Johnson; Gunjan Y Parikh Journal: Neurology Date: 2021-01-20 Impact factor: 9.910