Itsuko Miyazawa1, Katsuyuki Miura2,3, Naoko Miyagawa2,4, Keiko Kondo2, Aya Kadota2,3, Nagako Okuda5, Akira Fujiyoshi2,6, Izumi Chihara7, Yosikazu Nakamura7, Atsushi Hozawa8, Yasuyuki Nakamura9, Yoshikuni Kita10, Katsushi Yoshita11, Tomonori Okamura12, Akira Okayama13, Hirotsugu Ueshima2,3. 1. Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, 520-2192, Japan. shimojo@belle.shiga-med.ac.jp. 2. Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, 520-2192, Japan. 3. Center for Epidemiologic Research in Asia, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, 520-2192, Japan. 4. International Center for Nutrition and Information, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan. 5. Department of Health and Nutrition, University of Human Arts and Sciences, Saitama, 339-8539, Japan. 6. Department of Hygiene, School of Medicine Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan. 7. Department of Public Health, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, 329-0498, Japan. 8. Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8573, Japan. 9. Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukoku University, Otsu, 520-2194, Japan. 10. Science of Nursing, Tsuruga Nursing University, Tsuruga, 914-0814, Japan. 11. Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan. 12. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan. 13. Research Institute of Strategy for Prevention, Tokyo, 104-0033, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: The association between carbohydrate intake and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk has been investigated, but whether the quality of carbohydrate is more important than its amount is not known. We examined the associations between intake of dietary fibre (DF), carbohydrate, available carbohydrate, and starch with long-term CVD mortality in a Japanese population. SUBJECTS/ METHODS: We prospectively followed 8925 participants (3916 men and 5009 women) aged 30-79 years without CVD at baseline who participated in the National Nutrition Survey in Japan. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CVD mortality by quartiles of exposure variables. RESULTS: During 24 years of follow-up, 823 CVD deaths were observed. In men, the multivariable-adjusted HR for CVD mortality was lower in the highest quartile of DF intake (HR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.47-0.87; Ptrend = 0.007) compared with the lowest quartile. This association was not significant in women. Multivariable-adjusted HR for total stroke mortality was lower in the highest quartile of DF intake (HR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.38-0.98; Ptrend = 0.046) compared with the lowest quartile in women. Carbohydrate, available carbohydrate, and starch intake were not associated with CVD mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Higher intake of DF was associated significantly with a lower risk of CVD mortality in men and lower risk of stroke mortality in women. Intake of carbohydrate, available carbohydrate, and starch were not associated with the risk of CVD mortality in men or women.
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: The association between carbohydrate intake and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk has been investigated, but whether the quality of carbohydrate is more important than its amount is not known. We examined the associations between intake of dietary fibre (DF), carbohydrate, available carbohydrate, and starch with long-term CVD mortality in a Japanese population. SUBJECTS/ METHODS: We prospectively followed 8925 participants (3916 men and 5009 women) aged 30-79 years without CVD at baseline who participated in the National Nutrition Survey in Japan. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CVD mortality by quartiles of exposure variables. RESULTS: During 24 years of follow-up, 823 CVD deaths were observed. In men, the multivariable-adjusted HR for CVD mortality was lower in the highest quartile of DF intake (HR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.47-0.87; Ptrend = 0.007) compared with the lowest quartile. This association was not significant in women. Multivariable-adjusted HR for total stroke mortality was lower in the highest quartile of DF intake (HR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.38-0.98; Ptrend = 0.046) compared with the lowest quartile in women. Carbohydrate, available carbohydrate, and starch intake were not associated with CVD mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Higher intake of DF was associated significantly with a lower risk of CVD mortality in men and lower risk of stroke mortality in women. Intake of carbohydrate, available carbohydrate, and starch were not associated with the risk of CVD mortality in men or women.
Authors: J Mann; J H Cummings; H N Englyst; T Key; S Liu; G Riccardi; C Summerbell; R Uauy; R M van Dam; B Venn; H H Vorster; M Wiseman Journal: Eur J Clin Nutr Date: 2007-12 Impact factor: 4.016
Authors: Kyungwon Oh; Frank B Hu; Eunyoung Cho; Kathryn M Rexrode; Meir J Stampfer; Joann E Manson; Simin Liu; Walter C Willett Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2005-01-15 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: Teresa T Fung; Rob M van Dam; Susan E Hankinson; Meir Stampfer; Walter C Willett; Frank B Hu Journal: Ann Intern Med Date: 2010-09-07 Impact factor: 25.391
Authors: Diane E Threapleton; Darren C Greenwood; Charlotte E L Evans; Christine L Cleghorn; Camilla Nykjaer; Charlotte Woodhead; Janet E Cade; Christopher P Gale; Victoria J Burley Journal: BMJ Date: 2013-12-19