Ingeborg Eskerud1, Eva Gerdts2, Terje H Larsen3, Mai Tone Lønnebakken2. 1. Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, PO box 7804, N-5020 Bergen, Norway. Electronic address: ingeborg.eskerud@uib.no. 2. Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, PO box 7804, N-5020 Bergen, Norway; Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, PO box 1400, N-5021 Bergen, Norway. 3. Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, PO box 1400, N-5021 Bergen, Norway; Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, PO box 7804, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The underlying mechanisms causing myocardial ischemia in non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) are still unclear. We explored whether left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was associated with myocardial ischemia in patients with stable angina and non-obstructive CAD. METHODS: 132 patients (mean age 63 ± 8 years, 56% women) with stable angina and non-obstructive CAD diagnosed as <50% stenosis by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) underwent myocardial contrast stress echocardiography. Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (LVH) was identified by LV mass index >46.7 g/m2.7 in women and >49.2 g/m2.7 in men. Patients were grouped according to presence or absence of myocardial ischemia by myocardial contrast stress echocardiography. The number of LV segments with ischemia at peak stress was taken as a measure of the extent of myocardial ischemia. RESULTS: Myocardial ischemia was found in 52% of patients, with on average 5 ± 3 ischemic LV segments per patient. The group with myocardial ischemia had higher prevalence of LVH (23 vs. 10%, p = 0.035), while age, sex and prevalence of hypertension did not differ between groups (all p > 0.05). In multivariable regression analyses, LVH was associated with presence of myocardial ischemia (odds ratio 3.27, 95% confidence interval [1.11-9.60], p = 0.031), and larger extent of myocardial ischemia (β = 0.22, p = 0.012), independent of confounders including age, hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, calcium score and segment involvement score by CCTA. CONCLUSIONS: LVH was independently associated with both presence and extent of myocardial ischemia in patients with stable angina and non-obstructive CAD by CCTA. These results suggest LVH as an independent contributor to myocardial ischemia in non-obstructive CAD. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT018535271.
BACKGROUND: The underlying mechanisms causing myocardial ischemia in non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) are still unclear. We explored whether left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was associated with myocardial ischemia in patients with stable angina and non-obstructive CAD. METHODS: 132 patients (mean age 63 ± 8 years, 56% women) with stable angina and non-obstructive CAD diagnosed as <50% stenosis by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) underwent myocardial contrast stress echocardiography. Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (LVH) was identified by LV mass index >46.7 g/m2.7 in women and >49.2 g/m2.7 in men. Patients were grouped according to presence or absence of myocardial ischemia by myocardial contrast stress echocardiography. The number of LV segments with ischemia at peak stress was taken as a measure of the extent of myocardial ischemia. RESULTS:Myocardial ischemia was found in 52% of patients, with on average 5 ± 3 ischemic LV segments per patient. The group with myocardial ischemia had higher prevalence of LVH (23 vs. 10%, p = 0.035), while age, sex and prevalence of hypertension did not differ between groups (all p > 0.05). In multivariable regression analyses, LVH was associated with presence of myocardial ischemia (odds ratio 3.27, 95% confidence interval [1.11-9.60], p = 0.031), and larger extent of myocardial ischemia (β = 0.22, p = 0.012), independent of confounders including age, hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, calcium score and segment involvement score by CCTA. CONCLUSIONS: LVH was independently associated with both presence and extent of myocardial ischemia in patients with stable angina and non-obstructive CAD by CCTA. These results suggest LVH as an independent contributor to myocardial ischemia in non-obstructive CAD. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT018535271.
Authors: Piotr Szolc; Łukasz Niewiara; Paweł Kleczyński; Krzysztof Bryniarski; Elżbieta Ostrowska-Kaim; Kornelia Szkodoń; Piotr Brzychczy; Krzysztof Żmudka; Jacek Legutko; Bartłomiej Guzik Journal: J Cardiovasc Dev Dis Date: 2022-08-26
Authors: Caroline A Berge; Ingeborg Eskerud; Elise B Almeland; Terje H Larsen; Eva R Pedersen; Svein Rotevatn; Mai Tone Lønnebakken Journal: PLoS One Date: 2022-01-21 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Ingeborg Eskerud; Eva Gerdts; Terje H Larsen; Judit Simon; Pál Maurovich-Horvat; Mai Tone Lønnebakken Journal: Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc Date: 2021-06-30