Nirupama Shivakumar1, Sindhu Kashyap2, Satvik Kishore2, Tinku Thomas3, Aneesia Varkey2, Sarita Devi2, Thomas Preston4, Farook Jahoor5, M S Sheshshayee6, Anura V Kurpad1,2. 1. Department of Physiology. 2. Division of Nutrition. 3. Department of Biostatistics, St. John's Medical College, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India. 4. Scottish Universities Environmental Research Center, East Kilbride, United Kingdom. 5. USDA/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. 6. Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, India.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The types of food in complementary feeding of infants and young children are important for growth and development. Food protein quality, as measured by the Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score (DIAAS), requires the determination of true ileal digestibility of indispensable amino acids (IAAs) in children. OBJECTIVES: First, the aim of this study was to measure the true ileal IAA digestibility of 4 (rice, finger millet, mung bean, and hen egg) commonly consumed complementary foods in children aged <2 y using the dual-isotope tracer method. Second, we calculated the DIAAS of complementary feeding diets and their relation to stunting in a representative Indian rural population. DESIGN: Rice, finger millet, and mung bean were intrinsically labeled with deuterium oxide (2H2O), whereas egg was labeled through oral dosing of hens with a uniformly 2H-labeled amino acid mixture. True ileal IAA digestibility was determined by the dual-isotope tracer technique. The DIAAS of complementary food protein was calculated in children aged 1-3 y from a nationally representative survey to evaluate its relation with stunting. RESULTS: True ileal IAA digestibility was lowest in mung bean (65.2% ± 7.1%), followed by finger millet (68.4 %± 5.3%) and rice (78.5% ± 3.5%), and was highest for egg (87.4% ± 4.0%). There was a significant inverse correlation of complementary food DIAAS with stunting in survey data (r = -0.66, P = 0.044). The addition of egg or milk to nationally representative complementary diets theoretically improved the DIAAS from 80 to 100. CONCLUSIONS: The true ileal IAA digestibility of 4 foods commonly consumed in complementary diets showed that the DIAAS was associated with stunting and reinforces the importance of including animal source food (ASF) in diets to improve growth. This trial was registered at http://ctri.nic.in/clinicaltrials/login.php as CTRI/2017/02/007921.
BACKGROUND: The types of food in complementary feeding of infants and young children are important for growth and development. Food protein quality, as measured by the Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score (DIAAS), requires the determination of true ileal digestibility of indispensable amino acids (IAAs) in children. OBJECTIVES: First, the aim of this study was to measure the true ileal IAA digestibility of 4 (rice, finger millet, mung bean, and hen egg) commonly consumed complementary foods in children aged <2 y using the dual-isotope tracer method. Second, we calculated the DIAAS of complementary feeding diets and their relation to stunting in a representative Indian rural population. DESIGN: Rice, finger millet, and mung bean were intrinsically labeled with deuterium oxide (2H2O), whereas egg was labeled through oral dosing of hens with a uniformly 2H-labeled amino acid mixture. True ileal IAA digestibility was determined by the dual-isotope tracer technique. The DIAAS of complementary food protein was calculated in children aged 1-3 y from a nationally representative survey to evaluate its relation with stunting. RESULTS: True ileal IAA digestibility was lowest in mung bean (65.2% ± 7.1%), followed by finger millet (68.4 %± 5.3%) and rice (78.5% ± 3.5%), and was highest for egg (87.4% ± 4.0%). There was a significant inverse correlation of complementary food DIAAS with stunting in survey data (r = -0.66, P = 0.044). The addition of egg or milk to nationally representative complementary diets theoretically improved the DIAAS from 80 to 100. CONCLUSIONS: The true ileal IAA digestibility of 4 foods commonly consumed in complementary diets showed that the DIAAS was associated with stunting and reinforces the importance of including animal source food (ASF) in diets to improve growth. This trial was registered at http://ctri.nic.in/clinicaltrials/login.php as CTRI/2017/02/007921.
Authors: Raja Sriswan Mamidi; Pallavi Shidhaye; K V Radhakrishna; J J Babu; P Sudhershan Reddy Journal: Indian Pediatr Date: 2011-03-15 Impact factor: 1.411
Authors: Lora L Iannotti; Chessa K Lutter; Christine P Stewart; Carlos Andres Gallegos Riofrío; Carla Malo; Gregory Reinhart; Ana Palacios; Celia Karp; Melissa Chapnick; Katherine Cox; William F Waters Journal: Pediatrics Date: 2017-06-07 Impact factor: 7.124
Authors: Andrew D Jones; Scott B Ickes; Laura E Smith; Mduduzi N N Mbuya; Bernard Chasekwa; Rebecca A Heidkamp; Purnima Menon; Amanda A Zongrone; Rebecca J Stoltzfus Journal: Matern Child Nutr Date: 2013-08-15 Impact factor: 3.092
Authors: Nikkie van der Wielen; Nadezda V Khodorova; Walter J J Gerrits; Claire Gaudichon; Juliane Calvez; Daniel Tomé; Marco Mensink Journal: J Nutr Date: 2020-09-01 Impact factor: 4.798
Authors: Sarita Devi; Aneesia Varkey; Madan Dharmar; Roberta R Holt; Lindsay H Allen; M S Sheshshayee; Thomas Preston; Carl L Keen; Anura V Kurpad Journal: J Nutr Date: 2020-05-01 Impact factor: 4.798
Authors: Alex J Thompson; Claire D Bourke; Ruairi C Robertson; Nirupama Shivakumar; Christine A Edwards; Tom Preston; Elaine Holmes; Paul Kelly; Gary Frost; Douglas J Morrison Journal: Gut Date: 2021-06-08 Impact factor: 23.059