PremNandhini Satgunam1, Sourav Datta2, Rebecca Sumalini2,3. 1. Brien Holden Institute of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India. premnandhini@lvpei.org. 2. Brien Holden Institute of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India. 3. Institute for Vision Rehabilitation, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Children with Down syndrome are known to have reduced focusing ability for near vision (hypoaccommodation). Through a vision screening study we investigated the correlation between hypoaccommodation and near visual acuity in individuals with Down syndrome. METHODS: A cross-sectional vision screening study was conducted on individuals with Down Syndrome. The screening was done in 4 city schools and 1 screening was conducted as a part of the Special Olympics Bharat program. In addition to the conventional vision screening tests, Nott dynamic retinoscopy was also performed. Both adults and children (age < 18 years) were included. RESULTS: A total of 55 participants (33 children: age 6 to 17 years, 22 adults: age 18 to 41 years) with Down syndrome were screened. Twenty-two participants had visual impairment. Accommodative accuracy was assessed in 29 children and 13 adults. Accommodative lag ( ≥1.00D) was present in 12 children (41.37%) and 7 adults (53.84%). No correlation was found between the lag of accommodation and near visual acuity (ρSpearman = 0.15, p = 0.54). LogMAR near visual acuity was inversely correlated (ρSpearman = -0.841, p < 0.001) to the near viewing distance. CONCLUSION: Near visual acuity by itself is not a sensitive indicator of accommodative dysfunction. In addition, a closer viewing distance may not indicate adequate amplitude of accommodation. These findings strongly suggest the need for including dynamic retinoscopy in the clinical practice while examining individuals with Down syndrome.
OBJECTIVES: Children with Down syndrome are known to have reduced focusing ability for near vision (hypoaccommodation). Through a vision screening study we investigated the correlation between hypoaccommodation and near visual acuity in individuals with Down syndrome. METHODS: A cross-sectional vision screening study was conducted on individuals with Down Syndrome. The screening was done in 4 city schools and 1 screening was conducted as a part of the Special Olympics Bharat program. In addition to the conventional vision screening tests, Nott dynamic retinoscopy was also performed. Both adults and children (age < 18 years) were included. RESULTS: A total of 55 participants (33 children: age 6 to 17 years, 22 adults: age 18 to 41 years) with Down syndrome were screened. Twenty-two participants had visual impairment. Accommodative accuracy was assessed in 29 children and 13 adults. Accommodative lag ( ≥1.00D) was present in 12 children (41.37%) and 7 adults (53.84%). No correlation was found between the lag of accommodation and near visual acuity (ρSpearman = 0.15, p = 0.54). LogMAR near visual acuity was inversely correlated (ρSpearman = -0.841, p < 0.001) to the near viewing distance. CONCLUSION: Near visual acuity by itself is not a sensitive indicator of accommodative dysfunction. In addition, a closer viewing distance may not indicate adequate amplitude of accommodation. These findings strongly suggest the need for including dynamic retinoscopy in the clinical practice while examining individuals with Down syndrome.
Authors: A Jyothy; K S Kumar; G N Rao; V B Rao; M Swarna; B U Devi; M Sujatha; C K Kumari; P P Reddy Journal: Indian J Med Res Date: 2000-04 Impact factor: 2.375
Authors: M Cregg; J M Woodhouse; V H Pakeman; K J Saunders; H L Gunter; M Parker; W I Fraser; P Sastry Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2001-01 Impact factor: 4.799