Joseph Hoover1, Esther Erdei1, Jacob Nash2, Melissa Gonzales3. 1. University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MSC09 5360 Albuquerque, NM, 87131. 2. University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Health Sciences Library and Information Center, MSC09 5100, Albuquerque, NM, 87131. 3. University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, MSC10 5550, Albuquerque, NM, 87131.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review summarizes recent literature examining exposure to environmental metals in rural areas of the southwestern/mountain west region of the United States focusing on the range of exposures and exposure pathways unique to this region. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent studies (2013-2018) indicated that exposures to arsenic (As), uranium (U), and cadmium (Cd) were the most commonly quantified metals in the study area. One or more of these three metals was analyzed in each study reviewed. SUMMARY: The current review draws attention to the variety of exposure assessment methods, analytical tools, and unique non-occupational exposure pathways in this region. The reviewed studies identified potential sources of metals exposure including regulated and unregulated drinking water, particulate matter, and food items, and provided information about the levels of exposures experienced by populations through a variety of exposure assessment methods including spatial analysis methodologies. The findings suggest that exposure assessment methods could be further integrated with population studies to assess health effects of environmental metals exposure through pathways unique to Southwestern and Mountain West U.S.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review summarizes recent literature examining exposure to environmental metals in rural areas of the southwestern/mountain west region of the United States focusing on the range of exposures and exposure pathways unique to this region. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent studies (2013-2018) indicated that exposures to arsenic (As), uranium (U), and cadmium (Cd) were the most commonly quantified metals in the study area. One or more of these three metals was analyzed in each study reviewed. SUMMARY: The current review draws attention to the variety of exposure assessment methods, analytical tools, and unique non-occupational exposure pathways in this region. The reviewed studies identified potential sources of metals exposure including regulated and unregulated drinking water, particulate matter, and food items, and provided information about the levels of exposures experienced by populations through a variety of exposure assessment methods including spatial analysis methodologies. The findings suggest that exposure assessment methods could be further integrated with population studies to assess health effects of environmental metals exposure through pathways unique to Southwestern and Mountain West U.S.
Entities:
Keywords:
environmental exposure; environmental metals; minority population; rural population; southwestern United States; western United States
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