Nanostructured titanium oxide hybrids-based electrochemical biosensors for healthcare applications.

Biosensors are promising biotechnology products that can be widely used for environmental monitoring, food analysis, and healthcare diagnostics. To detect analytes of interest, the use of nanotechnology in bio-analytical devices is advantageous for increased sensitivity, device simplification, and rapid sensing with multiple capabilities. Depending on the application, biosensors can be fabricated from different materials. TiO2 is a semiconductor material and has received significant attention for various applications such as sensors, solar cells, water splitting, etc. The wide applicability of recently developed novel composition and structure of TiO2 materials has accelerated the development and miniaturization of biosensor devices. This study focuses on recent achievements in TiO2 nanostructured hybrids-based biosensors for detecting various biological markers important for healthcare.