T Wingfield1, P MacPherson2, P Sodha3, A Tucker4, J Mithoo5, S B Squire6, P Cleary7. 1. Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology, and Immunology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Public Health England Field Service North West, Liverpool, Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, LIV-TB Collaboration and Department of Clinical Science, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK, Social Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Migration Group, Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. 2. LIV-TB Collaboration and Department of Clinical Science, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK, HIV/TB Group, Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi. 3. Liverpool School of Medicine, Liverpool. 4. Public Health England Field Service North West, Liverpool, Centre for Epidemiology, University of Manchester, Manchester. 5. LIV-TB Collaboration and Department of Clinical Science, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK, Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. 6. LIV-TB Collaboration and Department of Clinical Science, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK. 7. Public Health England Field Service North West, Liverpool.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between patients' social risk factors and the risk of tuberculous infection and TB disease among their contacts in England. DESIGN: This was a cohort study of all TB cases from North West England diagnosed between 27 March 2012 and 28 June 2016. The social risk factors of TB cases were evaluated to estimate their need for enhanced case management (ECM), from 0 (standard of care) to 3 (intensive social support). RESULTS: A total of 2139 cases and their 10 019 contacts met the eligibility criteria. Being a contact of a patient with smear-positive TB with high ECM or being of Black Caribbean ethnicity was independently associated with greater odds of active TB disease (smear-positive vs. smear-negative, OR 5.3, 95%CI 3.2-8.7; ECM-3 vs. ECM-0, OR 2.2, 95%CI 1.01-5.0; Black Caribbean vs. White, OR 7.4, 95%CI 2.1-25). Being a contact of a patient with smear-positive TB or of Black Caribbean ethnicity was also independently associated with greater odds of tuberculous infection (smear-positive vs. smear-negative, OR 5.3, 95%CI 3.8-7.3; and Black Caribbean vs. White, OR 6.7, 95%CI 2.0-25). CONCLUSIONS: The social complexity and ethnicity of patients were associated with tuberculous infection and TB disease in their contacts.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between patients' social risk factors and the risk of tuberculous infection and TB disease among their contacts in England. DESIGN: This was a cohort study of all TB cases from North West England diagnosed between 27 March 2012 and 28 June 2016. The social risk factors of TB cases were evaluated to estimate their need for enhanced case management (ECM), from 0 (standard of care) to 3 (intensive social support). RESULTS: A total of 2139 cases and their 10 019 contacts met the eligibility criteria. Being a contact of a patient with smear-positive TB with high ECM or being of Black Caribbean ethnicity was independently associated with greater odds of active TB disease (smear-positive vs. smear-negative, OR 5.3, 95%CI 3.2-8.7; ECM-3 vs. ECM-0, OR 2.2, 95%CI 1.01-5.0; Black Caribbean vs. White, OR 7.4, 95%CI 2.1-25). Being a contact of a patient with smear-positive TB or of Black Caribbean ethnicity was also independently associated with greater odds of tuberculous infection (smear-positive vs. smear-negative, OR 5.3, 95%CI 3.8-7.3; and Black Caribbean vs. White, OR 6.7, 95%CI 2.0-25). CONCLUSIONS: The social complexity and ethnicity of patients were associated with tuberculous infection and TB disease in their contacts.
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