A Keepanasseril1, A A Pillai2, J Yavanasuriya1, A Raj1, S Satheesh2, P Kundra3. 1. Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India. 2. Department of Cardiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India. 3. Department of Anaesthesiology & Critical Care, Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To study maternal complications and pregnancy outcome in women with pulmonary hypertension, attending a tertiary centre in south India. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective observational study. SETTING: Tertiary centre in south India. POPULATION: Pregnant women with pulmonary hypertension. METHOD: Data regarding demographics, clinical course, medication received, and echocardiographic diagnosis regarding pulmonary hypertension and antenatal care received were collected from the records. Details of labour and delivery, and postpartum follow up were retrieved. We compared the outcome based on the presence or absence of cyanosis and right ventricular systolic pressure levels. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Maternal mortality, occurrence of complications such as heart failure, fetal growth restriction. RESULTS: There were 81 pregnancies in 73 women with pulmonary hypertension. The majority of them had pulmonary hypertension secondary to congenital heart disease (80.8%); 17.8% had Eisenmenger syndrome. An advanced pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) medication, sildenafil, was administered in 25 (31.3%) pregnancies. There were four maternal deaths, of which three had Eisenmenger syndrome. Heart failure complicated 6.3% and fetal growth restriction 26.3% of pregnancies. Morbidity was significantly increased in women with pulmonary hypertension associated with a cyanotic cardiac lesion or with right ventricular systolic pressure >70 mmHg. CONCLUSION: Despite advances in care, mortality in pregnant women with pulmonary hypertension is a matter of concern, especially in those with Eisenmenger syndrome. Multidisciplinary team management in tertiary centres and the use of advanced PAH medications even in low- to middle-income countries with limited resources, could lead to a reduction in morbidity and mortality related to pulmonary hypertension. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: Multidisciplinary care and use of new medication may improve outcomes in pregnant women with pulmonary hypertension.
OBJECTIVE: To study maternal complications and pregnancy outcome in women with pulmonary hypertension, attending a tertiary centre in south India. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective observational study. SETTING: Tertiary centre in south India. POPULATION: Pregnant women with pulmonary hypertension. METHOD: Data regarding demographics, clinical course, medication received, and echocardiographic diagnosis regarding pulmonary hypertension and antenatal care received were collected from the records. Details of labour and delivery, and postpartum follow up were retrieved. We compared the outcome based on the presence or absence of cyanosis and right ventricular systolic pressure levels. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Maternal mortality, occurrence of complications such as heart failure, fetal growth restriction. RESULTS: There were 81 pregnancies in 73 women with pulmonary hypertension. The majority of them had pulmonary hypertension secondary to congenital heart disease (80.8%); 17.8% had Eisenmenger syndrome. An advanced pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) medication, sildenafil, was administered in 25 (31.3%) pregnancies. There were four maternal deaths, of which three had Eisenmenger syndrome. Heart failure complicated 6.3% and fetal growth restriction 26.3% of pregnancies. Morbidity was significantly increased in women with pulmonary hypertension associated with a cyanotic cardiac lesion or with right ventricular systolic pressure >70 mmHg. CONCLUSION: Despite advances in care, mortality in pregnant women with pulmonary hypertension is a matter of concern, especially in those with Eisenmenger syndrome. Multidisciplinary team management in tertiary centres and the use of advanced PAH medications even in low- to middle-income countries with limited resources, could lead to a reduction in morbidity and mortality related to pulmonary hypertension. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: Multidisciplinary care and use of new medication may improve outcomes in pregnant women with pulmonary hypertension.