SUMOlock reveals a more complete Aspergillus nidulans SUMOylome.

SUMOylation, covalent attachment of the small ubiquitin-like modifier protein SUMO to proteins, regulates protein interactions and activity and plays a crucial role in the regulation of many key cellular processes. Understanding the roles of SUMO in these processes ultimately requires identification of the proteins that are SUMOylated in the organism under study. The filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans serves as an excellent model for many aspects of fungal biology, and it would be of great value to determine the proteins that are SUMOylated in this organism (i.e. its SUMOylome). We have developed a new and effective approach for identifying SUMOylated proteins in this organism in which we lock proteins in their SUMOylated state, affinity purify SUMOylated proteins using the high affinity S-tag, and identify them using sensitive Orbitrap mass spectroscopy. This approach allows us to distinguish proteins that are SUMOylated from proteins that are binding partners of SUMOylated proteins or are bound non-covalently to SUMO. This approach has allowed us to identify 149 proteins that are SUMOylated in A. nidulans. Of these, 67 are predicted to be involved in transcription and particularly in the regulation of transcription, 21 are predicted to be involved in RNA processing and 16 are predicted to function in DNA replication or repair.