L Tan1, S Sandhu1, R J Lee2, J Li1, J Callahan3, S Ftouni3, N Dhomen4, P Middlehurst4, A Wallace5, J Raleigh3, A Hatzimihalis3, M A Henderson1, M Shackleton6, A Haydon6, V Mar6, D E Gyorki7, D Oudit8, M A Dawson9, R J Hicks1, P Lorigan8, G A McArthur1, R Marais2, S Q Wong3, S-J Dawson10. 1. Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. 2. Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester; Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester. 3. Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne. 4. Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester. 5. Genomic Diagnostics Laboratory, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester, UK. 6. The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne. 7. Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne; Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. 8. Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester; The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK. 9. Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. 10. Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address: sarah-jane.dawson@petermac.org.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The advent of effective adjuvant therapies for patients with resected melanoma has highlighted the need to stratify patients based on risk of relapse given the cost and toxicities associated with treatment. Here we assessed circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to predict and monitor relapse in resected stage III melanoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Somatic mutations were identified in 99/133 (74%) patients through tumor tissue sequencing. Personalized droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assays were used to detect known mutations in 315 prospectively collected plasma samples from mutation-positive patients. External validation was performed in a prospective independent cohort (n = 29). RESULTS: ctDNA was detected in 37 of 99 (37%) individuals. In 81 patients who did not receive adjuvant therapy, 90% of patients with ctDNA detected at baseline and 100% of patients with ctDNA detected at the postoperative timepoint relapsed at a median follow up of 20 months. ctDNA detection predicted patients at high risk of relapse at baseline [relapse-free survival (RFS) hazard ratio (HR) 2.9; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.5-5.6; P = 0.002] and postoperatively (HR 10; 95% CI 4.3-24; P < 0.001). ctDNA detection at baseline [HR 2.9; 95% CI 1.3-5.7; P = 0.003 and postoperatively (HR 11; 95% CI 4.3-27; P < 0.001] was also associated with inferior distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). These findings were validated in the independent cohort. ctDNA detection remained an independent predictor of RFS and DMFS in multivariate analyses after adjustment for disease stage and BRAF mutation status. CONCLUSION: Baseline and postoperative ctDNA detection in two independent prospective cohorts identified stage III melanoma patients at highest risk of relapse and has potential to inform adjuvant therapy decisions.
BACKGROUND: The advent of effective adjuvant therapies for patients with resected melanoma has highlighted the need to stratify patients based on risk of relapse given the cost and toxicities associated with treatment. Here we assessed circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to predict and monitor relapse in resected stage III melanoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Somatic mutations were identified in 99/133 (74%) patients through tumor tissue sequencing. Personalized droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assays were used to detect known mutations in 315 prospectively collected plasma samples from mutation-positive patients. External validation was performed in a prospective independent cohort (n = 29). RESULTS: ctDNA was detected in 37 of 99 (37%) individuals. In 81 patients who did not receive adjuvant therapy, 90% of patients with ctDNA detected at baseline and 100% of patients with ctDNA detected at the postoperative timepoint relapsed at a median follow up of 20 months. ctDNA detection predicted patients at high risk of relapse at baseline [relapse-free survival (RFS) hazard ratio (HR) 2.9; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.5-5.6; P = 0.002] and postoperatively (HR 10; 95% CI 4.3-24; P < 0.001). ctDNA detection at baseline [HR 2.9; 95% CI 1.3-5.7; P = 0.003 and postoperatively (HR 11; 95% CI 4.3-27; P < 0.001] was also associated with inferior distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). These findings were validated in the independent cohort. ctDNA detection remained an independent predictor of RFS and DMFS in multivariate analyses after adjustment for disease stage and BRAF mutation status. CONCLUSION: Baseline and postoperative ctDNA detection in two independent prospective cohorts identified stage III melanomapatients at highest risk of relapse and has potential to inform adjuvant therapy decisions.
Authors: Carlos S Cabalag; Michael Yates; Mariana Benitez Corrales; Paul Yeh; Stephen Q Wong; Bonnie Z Zhang; Kenji M Fujihara; Lynn Chong; Michael W Hii; Sarah-Jane Dawson; Wayne A Phillips; Cuong P Duong; Nicholas J Clemons Journal: Ann Surg Date: 2021-08-20 Impact factor: 13.787
Authors: Jeanne Tie; Joshua D Cohen; Serigne N Lo; Yuxuan Wang; Lu Li; Michael Christie; Margaret Lee; Rachel Wong; Suzanne Kosmider; Iain Skinner; Hui Li Wong; Belinda Lee; Matthew E Burge; Desmond Yip; Christos S Karapetis; Timothy J Price; Niall C Tebbutt; Andrew M Haydon; Janine Ptak; Mary J Schaeffer; Natalie Silliman; Lisa Dobbyn; Maria Popoli; Cristian Tomasetti; Nickolas Papadopoulos; Kenneth W Kinzler; Bert Vogelstein; Peter Gibbs Journal: Int J Cancer Date: 2020-10-06 Impact factor: 7.396