Marc Jacob Strauss1,2,3, Ricardo Varatojo4, Tarek Boutefnouchet5, Vincenzo Condello6, Kristian Samuelsson7,8, Pablo E Gelber9,10, Paolo Adravanti11, Lior Laver5, Sigbjorn Dimmen12, Karl Eriksson13, Peter Verdonk14, Tim Spalding15. 1. Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, CO, USA. 2. Orthopaedic Division, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. 3. OSTRC, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway. 4. Hospital Cuf Descobertas, Rua Mário Botas, Lisbon, Portugal. 5. University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry, UK. 6. Department of Orthopaedics, Clinica Humanitas Castelli, Via Mazzini, 11, Bergamo, Italy. 7. Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden. 8. Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. 9. Hospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. 10. ICATME-Hospital Universitari Dexeus, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. 11. Orthopaedic Department, Città di Parma Clinic, Piazzale Athos Maestri 5, Parma, Italy. 12. Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway. 13. Stockholm South Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. 14. Antwerp Orthopedic Center, Monica Hospitals, Antwerp, Belgium. 15. University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry, UK. tim.spalding@uhcw.nhs.uk.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Currently both autograft and allograft tissues are available for reconstruction of posterior cruciate, collateral and multi-ligament knee injuries. Decision-making is based on a complex interplay between anatomical structures, functional bundles and varying biomechanical requirements. Despite theoretically better biological healing and reduced risk of disease transmission autografts are associated with donor site morbidity as well as being limited by size and quantity. The use of allografts eliminates donor-site morbidity but raises cost and issues of clinical effectiveness. The purpose of this paper is to review current concepts and evidence for the use of allografts in primary posterior cruciate, collateral and multi-ligament reconstructions. METHODS: A narrative review of the relevant literature was conducted for PCL, collateral ligament and multi-ligament knee reconstruction. Studies were identified using a targeted and systematic search with focus on recent comparative studies and all clinical systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The rationale and principles of management underpinning the role of allograft tissue were identified and the clinical and functional outcomes were analysed. Finally, the position of postoperative physiotherapy and rehabilitation was identified. RESULTS: The review demonstrated paucity in high quality and up-to-date results addressing the issue especially on collaterals and multi-ligament reconstructions. There was no significant evidence of superiority of a graft type over another for PCL reconstruction. Contemporary principles in the management of posterolateral corner, MCL and multi-ligament injuries support the use of allograft tissue. CONCLUSION: The present review demonstrates equivalent clinical results with the use of autografts or allografts. It remains, however, difficult to generate a conclusive evidence-based approach due to the paucity of high-level research. When confronted by the need for combined reconstructions with multiple grafts, preservation of synergistic muscles, and adapted postoperative rehabilitation; the current evidence does offer support for the use of allograft tissue. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.
PURPOSE: Currently both autograft and allograft tissues are available for reconstruction of posterior cruciate, collateral and multi-ligament knee injuries. Decision-making is based on a complex interplay between anatomical structures, functional bundles and varying biomechanical requirements. Despite theoretically better biological healing and reduced risk of disease transmission autografts are associated with donor site morbidity as well as being limited by size and quantity. The use of allografts eliminates donor-site morbidity but raises cost and issues of clinical effectiveness. The purpose of this paper is to review current concepts and evidence for the use of allografts in primary posterior cruciate, collateral and multi-ligament reconstructions. METHODS: A narrative review of the relevant literature was conducted for PCL, collateral ligament and multi-ligament knee reconstruction. Studies were identified using a targeted and systematic search with focus on recent comparative studies and all clinical systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The rationale and principles of management underpinning the role of allograft tissue were identified and the clinical and functional outcomes were analysed. Finally, the position of postoperative physiotherapy and rehabilitation was identified. RESULTS: The review demonstrated paucity in high quality and up-to-date results addressing the issue especially on collaterals and multi-ligament reconstructions. There was no significant evidence of superiority of a graft type over another for PCL reconstruction. Contemporary principles in the management of posterolateral corner, MCL and multi-ligament injuries support the use of allograft tissue. CONCLUSION: The present review demonstrates equivalent clinical results with the use of autografts or allografts. It remains, however, difficult to generate a conclusive evidence-based approach due to the paucity of high-level research. When confronted by the need for combined reconstructions with multiple grafts, preservation of synergistic muscles, and adapted postoperative rehabilitation; the current evidence does offer support for the use of allograft tissue. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.
Authors: Tim Spalding; Peter Verdonk; Laura de Girolamo; Romain Seil; David Dejour Journal: Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc Date: 2019-05-10 Impact factor: 4.342
Authors: Nima Hosseinzadeh; Mehdi Mohammadpour; Mehdi Moghtadaei; Hossein Farahini; Ahmad Khazanchin; Shirin Nasiri; Amir Khazanchin Journal: Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol Date: 2022-09-20
Authors: Shi Weili; Meng Qingyang; Chen Nayun; Ma Yong; Yang Yuping; Liu Ping; Ao Yingfang; Gong Xi Journal: BMC Musculoskelet Disord Date: 2022-03-23 Impact factor: 2.362