Ian A Boggero1,2, John A Sturgeon3, Anne Arewasikporn4,5, Saul A Castro6, Christopher D King7,8, Suzanne C Segerstrom9. 1. Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA. ian.boggero@cchmc.org. 2. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA. ian.boggero@cchmc.org. 3. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA. 4. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA. 5. Multiple Sclerosis Center of Excellence-West, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA. 6. Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA. 7. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA. 8. Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA. 9. Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The current studies investigated associations between pain intensity and pain frequency with loneliness, hostility, and social functioning using cross-sectional, longitudinal, and within-person data from community-dwelling adults with varying levels of pain. METHOD: Secondary analysis of preexisting data was conducted. Study 1 investigated cross-sectional (baseline data: n = 741) and longitudinal (follow-up data: n = 549, observed range between baseline and follow-up: 6-53 months) associations. Study 2 tested within-person associations using daily diaries across 30 days from a subset of the participants in Study 1 (n = 69). RESULTS: Cross-sectionally, pain intensity and frequency were associated with higher loneliness (βintensity = 0.16, βfrequency = 0.17) and worse social functioning (βintensity = - 0.40, βfrequency = - 0.34). Intensity was also associated with higher hostility (β = 0.11). Longitudinally, pain intensity at baseline predicted hostility (β = 0.19) and social functioning (β = - 0.20) at follow-up, whereas pain frequency only predicted social functioning (β = - 0.21). Within people, participants reported higher hostility (γ = 0.002) and worse social functioning (γ = - 0.013) on days with higher pain, and a significant average pain by daily pain interaction was found for loneliness. Pain intensity did not predict social well-being variables on the following day. CONCLUSION: Pain intensity and frequency were associated with social well-being, although the effects were dependent on the social well-being outcome and the time course being examined.
BACKGROUND: The current studies investigated associations between pain intensity and pain frequency with loneliness, hostility, and social functioning using cross-sectional, longitudinal, and within-person data from community-dwelling adults with varying levels of pain. METHOD: Secondary analysis of preexisting data was conducted. Study 1 investigated cross-sectional (baseline data: n = 741) and longitudinal (follow-up data: n = 549, observed range between baseline and follow-up: 6-53 months) associations. Study 2 tested within-person associations using daily diaries across 30 days from a subset of the participants in Study 1 (n = 69). RESULTS: Cross-sectionally, pain intensity and frequency were associated with higher loneliness (βintensity = 0.16, βfrequency = 0.17) and worse social functioning (βintensity = - 0.40, βfrequency = - 0.34). Intensity was also associated with higher hostility (β = 0.11). Longitudinally, pain intensity at baseline predicted hostility (β = 0.19) and social functioning (β = - 0.20) at follow-up, whereas pain frequency only predicted social functioning (β = - 0.21). Within people, participants reported higher hostility (γ = 0.002) and worse social functioning (γ = - 0.013) on days with higher pain, and a significant average pain by daily pain interaction was found for loneliness. Pain intensity did not predict social well-being variables on the following day. CONCLUSION: Pain intensity and frequency were associated with social well-being, although the effects were dependent on the social well-being outcome and the time course being examined.
Entities:
Keywords:
Acute pain; Biopsychosocial; Community-dwelling adults; Social well-being
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