Arunima Kapoor1, Krista L Lanctot2, Mark Bayley3, Nathan Herrmann2, Brian J Murray1, Richard H Swartz1. 1. 1 Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. 2. 2 Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. 3. 3 Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Independence and reintegration into community roles are important patient-centered outcomes after stroke. Depression and cognitive impairment are common post-stroke conditions that may impair long-term function even years after a stroke. However, screening for these post-stroke comorbidities remains infrequent in stroke prevention clinics and the utility of this screening for predicting long-term higher-level function has not been evaluated. AIMS: To evaluate the ability of a validated brief Depression, Obstructive sleep apnea, and Cognitive impairment screen (DOC screen) to predict long-term (2-3 years after stroke) community participation and independence in instrumental activities of daily living post stroke. METHODS: One hundred twenty-four patients (mean age, 66.3 [standard deviation = 15.7], 52.4% male) completed baseline depression and cognitive impairment screening at first stroke clinic visit, and telephone interviews 2 to 3 years post stroke to assess community independence (Frenchay Activities Index [FAI]) and participation (Reintegration to Normal Living Index [RNLI]). A subset of these patients also consented to complete detailed neuropsychological testing at baseline. Univariate and multivariate linear (FAI) and logistic (RNLI) regression analyses were used to determine the individual relationship between baseline data (predictors) and follow-up scores. RESULTS: Older age (β = -0.17, P = .001), greater stroke severity (β = 1.84, P = .015), more depressive (β = -2.41, P = .023), and cognitive (β = -2.15, P = .046) symptoms independently predicted poor instrumental activity ( R2 = .27; P < .001). Measures of executive dysfunction were the strongest correlates of poor instrumental activity. Higher depression risk was the only significant predictor of participation on the RNLI in regression modeling (odds ratio = 0.46, P = .028). CONCLUSIONS: Baseline DOC screening in stroke prevention clinics shows that symptoms of depression and cognitive impairment are independent predictors of impaired higher-level functioning and community reintegration 2 to 3 years after stroke. Novel rehabilitation and psychological interventions targeting people with these conditions are needed to improve long-term patient-centered outcomes.
BACKGROUND: Independence and reintegration into community roles are important patient-centered outcomes after stroke. Depression and cognitive impairment are common post-stroke conditions that may impair long-term function even years after a stroke. However, screening for these post-stroke comorbidities remains infrequent in stroke prevention clinics and the utility of this screening for predicting long-term higher-level function has not been evaluated. AIMS: To evaluate the ability of a validated brief Depression, Obstructive sleep apnea, and Cognitive impairment screen (DOC screen) to predict long-term (2-3 years after stroke) community participation and independence in instrumental activities of daily living post stroke. METHODS: One hundred twenty-four patients (mean age, 66.3 [standard deviation = 15.7], 52.4% male) completed baseline depression and cognitive impairment screening at first stroke clinic visit, and telephone interviews 2 to 3 years post stroke to assess community independence (Frenchay Activities Index [FAI]) and participation (Reintegration to Normal Living Index [RNLI]). A subset of these patients also consented to complete detailed neuropsychological testing at baseline. Univariate and multivariate linear (FAI) and logistic (RNLI) regression analyses were used to determine the individual relationship between baseline data (predictors) and follow-up scores. RESULTS: Older age (β = -0.17, P = .001), greater stroke severity (β = 1.84, P = .015), more depressive (β = -2.41, P = .023), and cognitive (β = -2.15, P = .046) symptoms independently predicted poor instrumental activity ( R2 = .27; P < .001). Measures of executive dysfunction were the strongest correlates of poor instrumental activity. Higher depression risk was the only significant predictor of participation on the RNLI in regression modeling (odds ratio = 0.46, P = .028). CONCLUSIONS: Baseline DOC screening in stroke prevention clinics shows that symptoms of depression and cognitive impairment are independent predictors of impaired higher-level functioning and community reintegration 2 to 3 years after stroke. Novel rehabilitation and psychological interventions targeting people with these conditions are needed to improve long-term patient-centered outcomes.
Authors: Daniela Pinter; Simon Fandler-Höfler; Viktoria Fruhwirth; Lisa Berger; Gerhard Bachmaier; Susanna Horner; Sebastian Eppinger; Markus Kneihsl; Christian Enzinger; Thomas Gattringer Journal: Front Neurol Date: 2022-04-25 Impact factor: 4.086
Authors: Dana Mohammad; Nathan Herrmann; Mahwesh Saleem; Richard H Swartz; Paul I Oh; Janelle Bradley; Parco Chan; Courtney Ellis; Krista L Lanctôt Journal: BMC Geriatr Date: 2019-06-11 Impact factor: 3.921