Ningxin Zhu1, Xanthippi Chatzistavrou2, Lihong Ge3, Man Qin4, Petros Papagerakis5, Yuanyuan Wang6. 1. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, #22 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China. Electronic address: zhuningxin6221@163.com. 2. Michigan State University, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, East Lansing 48824, MI, USA. Electronic address: chatzist@egr.msu.edu. 3. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, #22 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China. Electronic address: gelh0919@126.com. 4. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, #22 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China. Electronic address: qin-man@foxmail.com. 5. College of Dentistry and Biomedical Engineering, Toxicology, Pharmacy/Nutrition, Anatomy and Cell Biology Colleges Graduate Programs, University of Saskatchewan, Canada. Electronic address: petros.papagerakis@usask.ca. 6. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, #22 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China. Electronic address: cwyyd@126.com.
Abstract
Dental caries is a bacteria-caused condition classified among the most common chronic diseases worldwide. Treatment of dental caries implies the use of materials having regenerative and anti-bacterial properties, and controlling inflammation is critical for successful endodontic regeneration. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to fabricate and characterize a novel composite incorporating sol-gel derived silver-doped bioactive glass (BG) in a chitosan (CS) hydrogel at a 1:1 wt ratio(Ag-BG/CS). METHODS: The effect of Ag-BG/CS on dental pulp cells (DPCs) proliferation was analyzed by CCK-8 assay, whereas the adhesion of DPCs was evaluated by confocal microscopy. The physical morphology of Ag-BG/CS was analyzed by scanning electron microscope. The anti-inflammatory effect of Ag-BG/CS was investigated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Moreover, the effect of Ag-BG/CS on odontogenic differentiation of DPCs was studied by immunochemical staining, tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase staining, qPCR, and western blot analyses. The antibacterial activity against dental caries key pathogenic bacteria was also evaluated. RESULTS: The results of this study showed that Ag-BG/CS did not affect the proliferation of DPCs, it down-regulated the inflammatory-associated markers (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α) of DPCs treated with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by inhibiting NF-κB pathway, and enhanced the in vitro odontogenic differentiation potential of DPCs. Furthermore, Ag-BG/CS strongly inhibited Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei growth. CONCLUSIONS: This novel biomaterial possessed antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity, also enhanced the odontogenic differentiation potential of LPS-induced inflammatory-reacted dental pulp cells. The material introduced in this study may thus represent a suitable dental pulp-capping material for future clinical applications.
Dental caries is a bacteria-caused condition classified among the most common chronic diseases worldwide. Treatment of dental caries implies the use of materials having regenerative and anti-bacterial properties, and controlling inflammation is critical for successful endodontic regeneration. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to fabricate and characterize a novel composite incorporating sol-gel derived silver-doped bioactive glass (BG) in a chitosan (CS) hydrogel at a 1:1 wt ratio(Ag-BG/CS). METHODS: The effect of Ag-BG/CS on dental pulp cells (DPCs) proliferation was analyzed by CCK-8 assay, whereas the adhesion of DPCs was evaluated by confocal microscopy. The physical morphology of Ag-BG/CS was analyzed by scanning electron microscope. The anti-inflammatory effect of Ag-BG/CS was investigated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Moreover, the effect of Ag-BG/CS on odontogenic differentiation of DPCs was studied by immunochemical staining, tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase staining, qPCR, and western blot analyses. The antibacterial activity against dental caries key pathogenic bacteria was also evaluated. RESULTS: The results of this study showed that Ag-BG/CS did not affect the proliferation of DPCs, it down-regulated the inflammatory-associated markers (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α) of DPCs treated with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by inhibiting NF-κB pathway, and enhanced the in vitro odontogenic differentiation potential of DPCs. Furthermore, Ag-BG/CS strongly inhibited Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei growth. CONCLUSIONS: This novel biomaterial possessed antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity, also enhanced the odontogenic differentiation potential of LPS-induced inflammatory-reacted dental pulp cells. The material introduced in this study may thus represent a suitable dental pulp-capping material for future clinical applications.
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