S Li1, D Y T Fong2, J Y H Wong1, K Wilkinson3, C Shapiro3, E P H Choi1, B McPherson4, C L K Lam5, M S M Ip6. 1. School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China. 2. School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China. dytfong@hku.hk. 3. Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, Canada. 4. Division of Speech and Hearing Sciences, Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China. 5. Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China. 6. Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To conduct a linguistic and psychometric evaluation of a Chinese version of the Nonrestorative Sleep Scale (NRSS). METHODS: The Chinese NRSS was created from a standard forward-backward translation and trialed on 10 Chinese adults. Telephone interviews were then conducted with 100 adults, who completed the Chinese NRSS, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and the Toronto Hospital Alertness Test (THAT). A household survey was conducted with 20 subjects, followed by a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and a bifactor model was developed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the NRSS. RESULTS: The bifactor model had the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), standardized root mean square residual (SRMR), and comparative fit index (CFI) of 0.06, 0.06, and 0.97, respectively. Convergent validity was shown from the moderate associations with PSQI (r = - 0.66, P < 0.01), AIS (r = - 0.65, P < 0.01), CES-D (r = - 0.54, P < 0.01), and THAT (r = 0.68, P < 0.01). The coefficient omega (0.92), omega hierarchical (0.81), factor determinacy (0.93), H value (0.91), explained common variance (0.63), and percentage of uncontaminated correlations (0.80) derived from the bifactor CFA supported the essential unidimensionality of NRSS. CONCLUSIONS: The Chinese NRSS is a valid and reliable essential unidimensional tool for the assessment of nonrestorative sleep in the Chinese population.
PURPOSE: To conduct a linguistic and psychometric evaluation of a Chinese version of the Nonrestorative Sleep Scale (NRSS). METHODS: The Chinese NRSS was created from a standard forward-backward translation and trialed on 10 Chinese adults. Telephone interviews were then conducted with 100 adults, who completed the Chinese NRSS, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and the Toronto Hospital Alertness Test (THAT). A household survey was conducted with 20 subjects, followed by a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and a bifactor model was developed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the NRSS. RESULTS: The bifactor model had the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), standardized root mean square residual (SRMR), and comparative fit index (CFI) of 0.06, 0.06, and 0.97, respectively. Convergent validity was shown from the moderate associations with PSQI (r = - 0.66, P < 0.01), AIS (r = - 0.65, P < 0.01), CES-D (r = - 0.54, P < 0.01), and THAT (r = 0.68, P < 0.01). The coefficient omega (0.92), omega hierarchical (0.81), factor determinacy (0.93), H value (0.91), explained common variance (0.63), and percentage of uncontaminated correlations (0.80) derived from the bifactor CFA supported the essential unidimensionality of NRSS. CONCLUSIONS: The Chinese NRSS is a valid and reliable essential unidimensional tool for the assessment of nonrestorative sleep in the Chinese population.
Authors: Runtang Meng; Tsukasa Kato; Stefanos Mastrotheodoros; Lu Dong; Daniel Yee Tak Fong; Fang Wang; Menglu Cao; Xinliang Liu; Chenmin Yao; Jinhong Cao; Yong Yu; Yi Luo; Chuanhua Yu; David Gozal Journal: Qual Life Res Date: 2022-09-20 Impact factor: 3.440
Authors: Kris Yuet-Wan Lok; Daniel Yee Tak Fong; Janet Y H Wong; Mandy Ho; Edmond Ph Choi; Vinciya Pandian; Patricia M Davidson; Wenjie Duan; Marie Tarrant; Jung Jae Lee; Chia-Chin Lin Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2021-05-11 Impact factor: 2.692
Authors: Sha Li; Daniel Yee Tak Fong; Janet Yuen Ha Wong; Bradley McPherson; Esther Yuet Ying Lau; Lixi Huang; Mary Sau Man Ip Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2021-04-01 Impact factor: 3.295
Authors: S Li; D Y T Fong; J Y H Wong; K Wilkinson; C Shapiro; E P H Choi; B McPherson; E Y Y Lau; C L K Lam; L X Huang; M S M Ip Journal: Qual Life Res Date: 2020-05-16 Impact factor: 4.147