D Vecchio1, I Crespi2, E Virgilio3, P Naldi3, M P Campisi2, R Serino2, U Dianzani4, G Bellomo2, R Cantello3, C Comi5. 1. Neurology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy; Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy. Electronic address: domizia.vecchio@gmail.com. 2. Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy. 3. Neurology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy. 4. Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy; Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy. 5. Neurology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy; Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) kappa free light chains (KFLC) have been suggested as quantitative alternative to oligoclonal bands (OB) in multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis. Despite OB have been associated to poor disease prognosis, little is known on KFLC in predicting MS early progression. Our aim is to evaluate the prognostic value of KFLC in a cohort of Italian MS patients. METHODS: 100 patients (64 females) underwent CSF analysis during their diagnostic MS work-up. We collected clinical/paraclinical features (gender, age at onset, clinical course, early MS treatments (within 1 year), gadolinium-enhancing (Gd+) lesions), calculated K index (ratio CSF-serum KFLC and albumin), and MS severity score (MSSS) at last follow up (minimum 1 year). Statistical analysis included Mann-Whitney descriptive analysis, Spearman correlation for independent samples, and linear regression for significant predictors. RESULTS: K index resulted a significant predictor for disability over time being higher in patients who developed greater MSSS. Accordingly, K index was also significantly increased in patients undergoing early versus delayed treatment (N = 50/100, p = 0.046). A similar role in predicting MS disability was confirmed for age at onset. No other factors were retained in our regression model. Of note, K index was not associated to known MS prognostic markers such as gender, age at onset, and Gd+ lesions (N = 31/96). CONCLUSION: Our study suggests KFLC as a CSF quantitative marker to predict early disability in MS (despite not being a substitute for OB).
BACKGROUND: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) kappa free light chains (KFLC) have been suggested as quantitative alternative to oligoclonal bands (OB) in multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis. Despite OB have been associated to poor disease prognosis, little is known on KFLC in predicting MS early progression. Our aim is to evaluate the prognostic value of KFLC in a cohort of Italian MS patients. METHODS: 100 patients (64 females) underwent CSF analysis during their diagnostic MS work-up. We collected clinical/paraclinical features (gender, age at onset, clinical course, early MS treatments (within 1 year), gadolinium-enhancing (Gd+) lesions), calculated K index (ratio CSF-serum KFLC and albumin), and MS severity score (MSSS) at last follow up (minimum 1 year). Statistical analysis included Mann-Whitney descriptive analysis, Spearman correlation for independent samples, and linear regression for significant predictors. RESULTS: K index resulted a significant predictor for disability over time being higher in patients who developed greater MSSS. Accordingly, K index was also significantly increased in patients undergoing early versus delayed treatment (N = 50/100, p = 0.046). A similar role in predicting MS disability was confirmed for age at onset. No other factors were retained in our regression model. Of note, K index was not associated to known MS prognostic markers such as gender, age at onset, and Gd+ lesions (N = 31/96). CONCLUSION: Our study suggests KFLC as a CSF quantitative marker to predict early disability in MS (despite not being a substitute for OB).
Authors: Franz Felix Konen; Philipp Schwenkenbecher; Konstantin Fritz Jendretzky; Stefan Gingele; Kurt-Wolfram Sühs; Hayrettin Tumani; Marie Süße; Thomas Skripuletz Journal: Cells Date: 2021-11-06 Impact factor: 6.600
Authors: Jéssica Castillo-Villalba; Sara Gil-Perotín; Raquel Gasque-Rubio; Laura Cubas-Nuñez; Sara Carratalà-Boscà; Carmen Alcalá; Carlos Quintanilla-Bordás; Francisco Pérez-Miralles; Cristina Ferrer; Antonio Cañada Martínez; Jordi Tortosa; Luís Solís-Tarazona; Luisa Campos; Alberto Leivas; Begoña Laíz Marro; Bonaventura Casanova Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2022-03-07 Impact factor: 7.561
Authors: Klaus Berek; Gabriel Bsteh; Michael Auer; Franziska Di Pauli; Astrid Grams; Dejan Milosavljevic; Paulina Poskaite; Christine Schnabl; Sebastian Wurth; Anne Zinganell; Thomas Berger; Janette Walde; Florian Deisenhammer; Harald Hegen Journal: Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm Date: 2021-05-28