Marina Tolou-Shams1,2, Anna Harrison3,4,5, Matthew E Hirschtritt3,6, Emily Dauria3,4, Jill Barr-Walker3,7. 1. Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Marina.Tolou-Shams@ucsf.edu. 2. Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, Division of Infant Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, San Francisco, CA, USA. Marina.Tolou-Shams@ucsf.edu. 3. Department of Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. 4. Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, Division of Infant Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, San Francisco, CA, USA. 5. San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA. 6. Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute, 401 Parnassus Ave, 94143, San Francisco, CA, USA. 7. ZSFG Library, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review discusses recent advances in research on the intersection of HIV prevention and substance use among youth involved with the justice system. We discuss current themes of recent findings and provide guidance for researchers, policymakers, and clinicians on the next steps in advancing work in this nascent area. RECENT FINDINGS: Of the 46 studies that measured HIV risk and substance use among justice-involved youth, 56% were cross-sectional designs, 22% were intervention trials, and 22% were longitudinal designs. Cross-sectional studies suggested that substance use is highly associated with HIV risk behaviors. Longitudinal analyses underscored the importance of understanding contextual risk factors, such as trauma and violence. Intervention trials demonstrated improved scientific rigor of behavioral approaches. Despite recent advances, research in this field remains limited. Future directions include longer follow-up periods, consideration of biomedical HIV-prevention interventions, and a focus on dissemination and implementation science of efficacious interventions.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review discusses recent advances in research on the intersection of HIV prevention and substance use among youth involved with the justice system. We discuss current themes of recent findings and provide guidance for researchers, policymakers, and clinicians on the next steps in advancing work in this nascent area. RECENT FINDINGS: Of the 46 studies that measured HIV risk and substance use among justice-involved youth, 56% were cross-sectional designs, 22% were intervention trials, and 22% were longitudinal designs. Cross-sectional studies suggested that substance use is highly associated with HIV risk behaviors. Longitudinal analyses underscored the importance of understanding contextual risk factors, such as trauma and violence. Intervention trials demonstrated improved scientific rigor of behavioral approaches. Despite recent advances, research in this field remains limited. Future directions include longer follow-up periods, consideration of biomedical HIV-prevention interventions, and a focus on dissemination and implementation science of efficacious interventions.
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