Rajeev Choudhary1, Mudasir Malik2, Ammar Aslam3, Deepak Khurana4, Sangita Chauhan5. 1. Department of Anatomy, Pacific Institute of Medical Sciences, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India. 2. Trauma and Orthopaedics, North West Anglia NHS Foundation Trust, Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire, UK. 3. Department of Orthopaedics, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India. 4. Department of Orthopaedics, SMS Medical College and Attached Hospitals, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. 5. Department of Anatomy, SMS Medical College and Attached Hospitals, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to compare the values of quadriceps angle (Q angle) in relation to age, weight, height, gender, bilateral and postural variations, and strenuous activities on the weight bearing limbs in order to observe its variability. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 450 adult healthy volunteers (150 male students, 150 female students and 150 male labourers) were enrolled in this cross sectional study. Each volunteer had its height, weight and Q angles measured. Q angle was measured in all subjects bilaterally in both supine and standing position with the same goniometer. Comparison of Q angles and various parameters and groups were studied and tabulated. Correlation between age, weight, height and Q angles was determined by Karl Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Females had statistically significant higher Q angles in both knees than males of either group, and difference between males of two groups was insignificant. It was more often greater on left side (42.36%) as compared to right, both in males and females. Majority of subjects showed an increase in angle from supine to standing position. There was negative correlation between height and Q angle with both standing and supine position all three groups. Weight and age did not show significant correlation with Q angle. Physical activity did not show any significant effect on the angle. CONCLUSION: Q angle is an important parameter to assess quadriceps muscle's function and its effect on knee. An increase in the angle is clearly associated with patellofemoral problems. Higher Q angle among females may predispose them to sports related injuries. It is important to take into consideration of such factors like sex, height, posture, side, foot rotation and muscle's relaxation while measuring and comparing the angle.
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to compare the values of quadriceps angle (Q angle) in relation to age, weight, height, gender, bilateral and postural variations, and strenuous activities on the weight bearing limbs in order to observe its variability. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 450 adult healthy volunteers (150 male students, 150 female students and 150 male labourers) were enrolled in this cross sectional study. Each volunteer had its height, weight and Q angles measured. Q angle was measured in all subjects bilaterally in both supine and standing position with the same goniometer. Comparison of Q angles and various parameters and groups were studied and tabulated. Correlation between age, weight, height and Q angles was determined by Karl Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Females had statistically significant higher Q angles in both knees than males of either group, and difference between males of two groups was insignificant. It was more often greater on left side (42.36%) as compared to right, both in males and females. Majority of subjects showed an increase in angle from supine to standing position. There was negative correlation between height and Q angle with both standing and supine position all three groups. Weight and age did not show significant correlation with Q angle. Physical activity did not show any significant effect on the angle. CONCLUSION: Q angle is an important parameter to assess quadriceps muscle's function and its effect on knee. An increase in the angle is clearly associated with patellofemoral problems. Higher Q angle among females may predispose them to sports related injuries. It is important to take into consideration of such factors like sex, height, posture, side, foot rotation and muscle's relaxation while measuring and comparing the angle.
Authors: Diego Protasio de Vasconcelos; Felipe J Aidar; Tarcisio Brandao Lima; Flavio Martins do Nascimento Filho; Igor Leonardo Alves Mendonça; Alfonso López Díaz-de-Durana; Nuno Domingos Garrido; Michael Silveira Santiago; Walderi Monteiro da Silva Junior Journal: Clin Pract Date: 2022-06-10