Paul Le Turnier1, Dominique Navas2,3, Denis Garot4, Thomas Guimard5, Louis Bernard6, Pierre Tattevin7, Yves Marie Vandamme8, Jérôme Hoff9, Anne Chiffoleau10, Martin Dary11, Laurene Leclair-Visonneau12, Matthieu Grégoire2,13, Morgane Pere14, David Boutoille1,2, Véronique Sébille14, Eric Dailly2,13, Nathalie Asseray1. 1. Department of Infectious Diseases, Nantes University Hospital and CIC 1413, INSERM, Nantes, France. 2. EA 3826, University of Nantes, Nantes, France. 3. Pharmacy Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France. 4. Intensive Care Unit, Anaesthesia and Critical Care Department, Tours University Hospital, Tours, France. 5. Infectious Diseases Department, La Roche sur Yon Hospital, La Roche sur Yon, France. 6. Infectious Diseases Department, Tours University Hospital, Tours, France. 7. Infectious Diseases Department, Rennes University Hospital, Rennes, France. 8. Infectious Diseases Department, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France. 9. Intensive Care Unit, Anaesthesia and Critical Care Department, Saint Nazaire Hospital, Saint Nazaire, France. 10. Pharmacovigilance, Research Board, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France. 11. Emergency Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France. 12. Neurology and Neurophysiology Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France. 13. Clinical Pharmacology Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France. 14. Biostatistics Unit, Research Board, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Ceftriaxone is widely used to treat community-acquired CNS bacterial infections. French guidelines for meningitis in adults promote 75-100 mg/kg/day ceftriaxone without an upper limit for dosage, yet little is known about the pharmacology and tolerability of such regimens. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A multicentre prospective cohort study was conducted in adult patients to assess the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of high-dose ceftriaxone (i.e. daily dosage ≥4 g or ≥75 mg/kg) in CNS infections and to analyse their related factors. Drug causality was systematically assessed by an expert committee who reviewed the medical charts of all included patients. RESULTS: A total of 196 patients were enrolled over a 31 month period. Median dosage and duration of ceftriaxone were 96.4 mg/kg/day (7 g/day) and 8 days, respectively. Nineteen ceftriaxone-related ADRs (mainly neurological) occurred in 17 patients (8.7%), with only one case of treatment discontinuation (biliary pseudolithiasis). In univariate analysis, older age, male gender, renal impairment and high trough ceftriaxone plasma concentration were associated with ceftriaxone-related ADRs. CONCLUSIONS: High-dose ceftriaxone for CNS infection administered as recommended by French guidelines in adults was well tolerated overall, suggesting these recommendations could be applied and generalized. In patients with advanced age or renal insufficiency, prescription should be done with caution and therapeutic drug monitoring could be useful.
BACKGROUND:Ceftriaxone is widely used to treat community-acquired CNS bacterial infections. French guidelines for meningitis in adults promote 75-100 mg/kg/day ceftriaxone without an upper limit for dosage, yet little is known about the pharmacology and tolerability of such regimens. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A multicentre prospective cohort study was conducted in adult patients to assess the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of high-dose ceftriaxone (i.e. daily dosage ≥4 g or ≥75 mg/kg) in CNS infections and to analyse their related factors. Drug causality was systematically assessed by an expert committee who reviewed the medical charts of all included patients. RESULTS: A total of 196 patients were enrolled over a 31 month period. Median dosage and duration of ceftriaxone were 96.4 mg/kg/day (7 g/day) and 8 days, respectively. Nineteen ceftriaxone-related ADRs (mainly neurological) occurred in 17 patients (8.7%), with only one case of treatment discontinuation (biliary pseudolithiasis). In univariate analysis, older age, male gender, renal impairment and high trough ceftriaxone plasma concentration were associated with ceftriaxone-related ADRs. CONCLUSIONS: High-dose ceftriaxone for CNS infection administered as recommended by French guidelines in adults was well tolerated overall, suggesting these recommendations could be applied and generalized. In patients with advanced age or renal insufficiency, prescription should be done with caution and therapeutic drug monitoring could be useful.
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