Martyna Gassowski1, Stine Nielsen2, Norbert Bannert3, Claus-Thomas Bock4, Viviane Bremer5, R Stefan Ross6, Benjamin Wenz7, Ulrich Marcus8, Ruth Zimmermann9. 1. Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Division for HIV/AIDS, STI and Blood-borne Infections, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: GassowskiM@rki.de. 2. Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Division for HIV/AIDS, STI and Blood-borne Infections, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany; Charité University of Medicine, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: stine.nielsen12@gmail.com. 3. Department of Infectious Diseases, Division for HIV and other Retroviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: BannertN@rki.de. 4. Department of Infectious Diseases, Division for Viral Gastroenteritis and Hepatitis Pathogens and Enteroviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: BockC@rki.de. 5. Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Division for HIV/AIDS, STI and Blood-borne Infections, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: BremerV@rki.de. 6. Institute of Virology, National Reference Centre for Hepatitis C, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany. Electronic address: stefan.ross@uni-due.de. 7. Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Division for HIV/AIDS, STI and Blood-borne Infections, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: wenz.benjamin@gmail.com. 8. Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Division for HIV/AIDS, STI and Blood-borne Infections, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: MarcusU@rki.de. 9. Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Division for HIV/AIDS, STI and Blood-borne Infections, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: ZimmermannR@rki.de.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between detention experience and hepatitis C virus (HCV) status, the role of duration and frequency of detention, and whether risk behaviours practiced in detention could explain an observed increase in risk. METHODS: Current drug injectors (injecting in the last 12 months) were recruited to participate in a sero-behavioural, cross-sectional survey using respondent-driven sampling in eight German cities during the years 2011-2014. Using multivariable logistic regression, the association between HCV status and reported detention experience was investigated. RESULTS: A total of 1998 participants were included in the analysis. Of these, 19.9% reported no detention experience, 28.6% short and rare experience (≤3.5 years in total, ≤3 times), 12.1% short but frequent experience, 7.1% long but rare experience, and 32.4% long and frequent experience. After correcting for HCV risk factors, the association between detention experience and HCV status remained statistically significant. By adjusting the model for intramural risk behaviours, the odds ratios of detention experience were reduced but remained significant. CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of people who inject drugs positive for HCV increased with both frequency and duration of their detention experience. As intramural risk behaviours could not fully explain this increase, it appears that transfers between community and custody may confer additional risks.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between detention experience and hepatitis C virus (HCV) status, the role of duration and frequency of detention, and whether risk behaviours practiced in detention could explain an observed increase in risk. METHODS: Current drug injectors (injecting in the last 12 months) were recruited to participate in a sero-behavioural, cross-sectional survey using respondent-driven sampling in eight German cities during the years 2011-2014. Using multivariable logistic regression, the association between HCV status and reported detention experience was investigated. RESULTS: A total of 1998 participants were included in the analysis. Of these, 19.9% reported no detention experience, 28.6% short and rare experience (≤3.5 years in total, ≤3 times), 12.1% short but frequent experience, 7.1% long but rare experience, and 32.4% long and frequent experience. After correcting for HCV risk factors, the association between detention experience and HCV status remained statistically significant. By adjusting the model for intramural risk behaviours, the odds ratios of detention experience were reduced but remained significant. CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of people who inject drugs positive for HCV increased with both frequency and duration of their detention experience. As intramural risk behaviours could not fully explain this increase, it appears that transfers between community and custody may confer additional risks.
Authors: Lucas Wiessing; Eleni Kalamara; Jack Stone; Peyman Altan; Luk Van Baelen; Anastasios Fotiou; D'Jamila Garcia; Joao Goulao; Bruno Guarita; Vivian Hope; Marie Jauffret-Roustide; Lina Jurgelaitienė; Martin Kåberg; Adeeba Kamarulzaman; Liis Lemsalu; Anda Kivite-Urtane; Branko Kolarić; Linda Montanari; Magdalena Rosińska; Lavinius Sava; Ilonka Horváth; Thomas Seyler; Vana Sypsa; Anna Tarján; Ioanna Yiasemi; Ruth Zimmermann; Marica Ferri; Kate Dolan; Anneli Uusküla; Peter Vickerman Journal: Euro Surveill Date: 2021-12