Xiaochen Wei1, Ping Jiang2, Jiangbo Liu2, Rongfei Sun2, Liqin Zhu1. 1. Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China. 2. Department of Respiration, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
Abstract
Objective: The increased social and economic burdens for asthma in infants make the prevention of asthma a major public health goal. Probiotics may reduce the risk of asthma in infants. However, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown mixed efficacy outcomes. We performed a meta-analysis of RCTs to investigate whether probiotics are associated with a lower asthma incidence in infants. Methods: The PubMed, Cochrane library, and EMBASE databases were systematically searched from the inception dates to August 2018. RCTs comparing the effects of probiotic supplements with a placebo for asthma or wheeze incidence in infants were included. A meta-analysis was performed to calculate risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) using the Mantel-Haenszel statistical method. Results: A total of 19 randomized trials involving 5157 children fulfilled the inclusion criteria. There was no significant association of probiotics with risk of asthma (RR, 0.94 [95% CI, 0.82-1.09]) or wheeze (RR, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.88-1.06]) compared with placebo. Subgroup analysis by asthma risk showed that probiotics significantly reduced wheeze incidence among infants with atopy disease (RR, 0.61 [95% CI, 0.42-0.90]), but no significant associations were found in the other subgroup analyses by participants receiving the intervention, timing of intervention, prevention regimen, probiotic organism, duration of intervention, and duration of follow-up. Conclusions: The use of probiotic supplementation compared with placebo was not associated with a lower risk of asthma in infants. These findings do not support recommendation to use probiotics in the prevention of asthma in infants.
Objective: The increased social and economic burdens for asthma in infants make the prevention of asthma a major public health goal. Probiotics may reduce the risk of asthma in infants. However, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown mixed efficacy outcomes. We performed a meta-analysis of RCTs to investigate whether probiotics are associated with a lower asthma incidence in infants. Methods: The PubMed, Cochrane library, and EMBASE databases were systematically searched from the inception dates to August 2018. RCTs comparing the effects of probiotic supplements with a placebo for asthma or wheeze incidence in infants were included. A meta-analysis was performed to calculate risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) using the Mantel-Haenszel statistical method. Results: A total of 19 randomized trials involving 5157 children fulfilled the inclusion criteria. There was no significant association of probiotics with risk of asthma (RR, 0.94 [95% CI, 0.82-1.09]) or wheeze (RR, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.88-1.06]) compared with placebo. Subgroup analysis by asthma risk showed that probiotics significantly reduced wheeze incidence among infants with atopy disease (RR, 0.61 [95% CI, 0.42-0.90]), but no significant associations were found in the other subgroup analyses by participants receiving the intervention, timing of intervention, prevention regimen, probiotic organism, duration of intervention, and duration of follow-up. Conclusions: The use of probiotic supplementation compared with placebo was not associated with a lower risk of asthma in infants. These findings do not support recommendation to use probiotics in the prevention of asthma in infants.
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