Naohiro Okada1,2, Shuntaro Ando1,3, Motoyuki Sanada4, Sachiko Hirata-Mogi1, Yudai Iijima3,5, Hiroshi Sugiyama1,6, Toru Shirakawa1, Mika Yamagishi1, Akiko Kanehara1, Masaya Morita1, Tomoko Yagi7, Noriyuki Hayashi1, Daisuke Koshiyama1, Kentaro Morita1, Kingo Sawada1, Tempei Ikegame1,8, Noriko Sugimoto7, Rie Toriyama1, Mio Masaoka1, Shinya Fujikawa1, Sho Kanata1,9, Mariko Tada1,2, Kenji Kirihara1, Noriaki Yahata1,10, Tsuyoshi Araki1, Seiichiro Jinde1, Yukiko Kano7, Shinsuke Koike1,2,11, Kaori Endo3, Syudo Yamasaki3, Atsushi Nishida3, Mariko Hiraiwa-Hasegawa12, Miki Bundo8,13, Kazuya Iwamoto8,13, Saori C Tanaka14, Kiyoto Kasai1,2. 1. Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. 2. International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. 3. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan. 4. Center for Applied Psychological Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Nishinomiya, Japan. 5. Department of Physical and Health Education, Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. 6. Department of Integrated Educational Sciences, Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. 7. Department of Child Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. 8. Department of Molecular Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. 9. Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. 10. Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan. 11. UTokyo Institute for Diversity and Adaptation of Human Mind (UTIDAHM), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. 12. Department of Evolutionary Studies of Biosystems, School of Advanced Sciences, Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Hayama, Japan. 13. Department of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan. 14. Department of Computational Neurobiology, ATR Computational Neuroscience Laboratories, Kyoto, Japan.
Abstract
AIM: Adolescence is a crucial stage of psychological development and is critically vulnerable to the onset of psychopathology. Our understanding of how the maturation of endocrine, epigenetics, and brain circuit may underlie psychological development in adolescence, however, has not been integrated. Here, we introduce our research project, the population-neuroscience study of the Tokyo TEEN Cohort (pn-TTC), a longitudinal study to explore the neurobiological substrates of development during adolescence. METHODS: Participants in the first wave of the pn-TTC (pn-TTC-1) study were recruited from those of the TTC study, a large-scale epidemiological survey in which 3171 parent-adolescent pairs were recruited from the general population. Participants underwent psychological, cognitive, sociological, and physical assessment. Moreover, adolescents and their parents underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; structural MRI, resting-state functional MRI, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy), and adolescents provided saliva samples for hormone analysis and for DNA analysis including epigenetics. Furthermore, the second wave (pn-TTC-2) followed similar methods as in the first wave. RESULTS: A total of 301 parent-adolescent pairs participated in the pn-TTC-1 study. Moreover, 281 adolescents participated in the pn-TTC-2 study, 238 of whom were recruited from the pn-TTC-1 sample. The instruction for data request is available at: http://value.umin.jp/data-resource.html. CONCLUSION: The pn-TTC project is a large-scale and population-neuroscience-based survey with a plan of longitudinal biennial follow up. Through this approach we seek to elucidate adolescent developmental mechanisms according to biopsychosocial models. This current biomarker research project, using minimally biased samples recruited from the general population, has the potential to expand the new research field of population neuroscience.
AIM: Adolescence is a crucial stage of psychological development and is critically vulnerable to the onset of psychopathology. Our understanding of how the maturation of endocrine, epigenetics, and brain circuit may underlie psychological development in adolescence, however, has not been integrated. Here, we introduce our research project, the population-neuroscience study of the Tokyo TEEN Cohort (pn-TTC), a longitudinal study to explore the neurobiological substrates of development during adolescence. METHODS:Participants in the first wave of the pn-TTC (pn-TTC-1) study were recruited from those of the TTC study, a large-scale epidemiological survey in which 3171 parent-adolescent pairs were recruited from the general population. Participants underwent psychological, cognitive, sociological, and physical assessment. Moreover, adolescents and their parents underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; structural MRI, resting-state functional MRI, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy), and adolescents provided saliva samples for hormone analysis and for DNA analysis including epigenetics. Furthermore, the second wave (pn-TTC-2) followed similar methods as in the first wave. RESULTS: A total of 301 parent-adolescent pairs participated in the pn-TTC-1 study. Moreover, 281 adolescents participated in the pn-TTC-2 study, 238 of whom were recruited from the pn-TTC-1 sample. The instruction for data request is available at: http://value.umin.jp/data-resource.html. CONCLUSION: The pn-TTC project is a large-scale and population-neuroscience-based survey with a plan of longitudinal biennial follow up. Through this approach we seek to elucidate adolescent developmental mechanisms according to biopsychosocial models. This current biomarker research project, using minimally biased samples recruited from the general population, has the potential to expand the new research field of population neuroscience.