Glaucoma - Next Generation Therapeutics: Impossible to Possible.

The future of next generation therapeutics for glaucoma is strong. The recent approval of two novel intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering drugs with distinct mechanisms of action is the first in over 20 years. However, these are still being administered as topical drops. Efforts are underway to increase patient compliance and greater therapeutic benefits with the development of sustained delivery technologies. Furthermore, innovations from biologics- and gene therapy-based therapeutics are being developed in the context of disease modification, which are expected to lead to more permanent therapies for patients. Neuroprotection, including the preservation of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and optic nerve is another area that is actively being explored for therapeutic options. With improvements in imaging technologies and determination of new surrogate clinical endpoints, the therapeutic potential for translation of neuroprotectants is coming close to clinical realization. This review summarizes the aforementioned topics and other related aspects.