Literature DB >> 30545448

Prevention of Arrhythmia Device Infection Trial: The PADIT Trial.

Andrew D Krahn1, Yves Longtin2, François Philippon3, David H Birnie4, Jaimie Manlucu5, Paul Angaran6, Claus Rinne7, Benoit Coutu8, R Aaron Low9, Vidal Essebag10, Carlos Morillo11, Damian Redfearn12, Satish Toal13, Giuliano Becker14, Michel Degrâce15, Bernard Thibault16, Eugene Crystal17, Stanley Tung18, John LeMaitre19, Omar Sultan20, Matthew Bennett21, Jamil Bashir18, Felix Ayala-Paredes22, Philippe Gervais3, Leon Rioux23, Martin E W Hemels24, Leon H R Bouwels25, Bob van Vlies26, Jia Wang11, Derek V Exner27, Paul Dorian6, Ratika Parkash28, Marco Alings29, Stuart J Connolly11.   

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Infection of implanted medical devices has catastrophic consequences. For cardiac rhythm devices, pre-procedural cefazolin is standard prophylaxis but does not protect against methicillin-resistant gram-positive organisms, which are common pathogens in device infections.
OBJECTIVE: This study tested the clinical effectiveness of incremental perioperative antibiotics to reduce device infection.
METHODS: The authors performed a cluster randomized crossover trial with 4 randomly assigned 6-month periods, during which centers used either conventional or incremental periprocedural antibiotics for all cardiac implantable electronic device procedures as standard procedure. Conventional treatment was pre-procedural cefazolin infusion. Incremental treatment was pre-procedural cefazolin plus vancomycin, intraprocedural bacitracin pocket wash, and 2-day post-procedural oral cephalexin. The primary outcome was 1-year hospitalization for device infection in the high-risk group, analyzed by hierarchical logistic regression modeling, adjusting for random cluster and cluster-period effects.
RESULTS: Device procedures were performed in 28 centers in 19,603 patients, of whom 12,842 were high risk. Infection occurred in 99 patients (1.03%) receiving conventional treatment, and in 78 (0.78%) receiving incremental treatment (odds ratio: 0.77; 95% confidence interval: 0.56 to 1.05; p = 0.10). In high-risk patients, hospitalization for infection occurred in 77 patients (1.23%) receiving conventional antibiotics and in 66 (1.01%) receiving incremental antibiotics (odds ratio: 0.82; 95% confidence interval: 0.59 to 1.15; p = 0.26). Subgroup analysis did not identify relevant patient or site characteristics with significant benefit from incremental therapy.
CONCLUSIONS: The cluster crossover design efficiently tested clinical effectiveness of incremental antibiotics to reduce device infection. Device infection rates were low. The observed difference in infection rates was not statistically significant. (Prevention of Arrhythmia Device Infection Trial [PADIT Pilot] [PADIT]; NCT01002911).
Copyright © 2018 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Entities:  

Keywords:  antibiotics; implantable cardioverter defibrillator; infection; pacemaker; prophylaxis

Mesh:

Substances:

Year:  2018        PMID: 30545448     DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.09.068

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  J Am Coll Cardiol        ISSN: 0735-1097            Impact factor:   24.094


  29 in total

1.  Real-world effectiveness of infection prevention interventions for reducing procedure-related cardiac device infections: Insights from the veterans affairs clinical assessment reporting and tracking program.

Authors:  Archana Asundi; Maggie Stanislawski; Payal Mehta; Anna E Baron; Hillary J Mull; P Michael Ho; Peter J Zimetbaum; Kalpana Gupta; Westyn Branch-Elliman
Journal:  Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol       Date:  2019-06-04       Impact factor: 3.254

2.  Factors influencing uptake of evidence-based antimicrobial prophylaxis guidelines for electrophysiology procedures.

Authors:  Westyn Branch-Elliman; Kalpana Gupta; A Rani Elwy
Journal:  Am J Infect Control       Date:  2019-12-02       Impact factor: 2.918

Review 3.  Complications in Device Therapy: Spectrum, Prevalence, and Management.

Authors:  J Llewellyn; D Garner; A Rao
Journal:  Curr Heart Fail Rep       Date:  2022-08-06

4.  Prevention of cardiac implantable electronic device infections: guidelines and conventional prophylaxis.

Authors:  Carina Blomstrom-Lundqvist; Bozena Ostrowska
Journal:  Europace       Date:  2021-05-25       Impact factor: 5.214

5.  Epidemiology of cardiac implantable electronic device infections: incidence and risk factors.

Authors:  Hui-Chen Han; Nathaniel M Hawkins; Charles M Pearman; David H Birnie; Andrew D Krahn
Journal:  Europace       Date:  2021-06-23       Impact factor: 5.214

6.  Postoperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis Following Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Placement.

Authors:  Galen M Kabulski; Amanda Northup; Barbara S Wiggins
Journal:  J Innov Card Rhythm Manag       Date:  2019-08-15

7.  European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) international consensus document on how to prevent, diagnose, and treat cardiac implantable electronic device infections-endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS), the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS), International Society for Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases (ISCVID) and the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS).

Authors:  Carina Blomström-Lundqvist; Vassil Traykov; Paola Anna Erba; Haran Burri; Jens Cosedis Nielsen; Maria Grazia Bongiorni; Jeanne Poole; Giuseppe Boriani; Roberto Costa; Jean-Claude Deharo; Laurence M Epstein; Laszlo Saghy; Ulrika Snygg-Martin; Christoph Starck; Carlo Tascini; Neil Strathmore
Journal:  Europace       Date:  2020-04-01       Impact factor: 5.214

8.  First reported case of lead-related infective endocarditis secondary to Capnocytophaga canimorsus: 'Dog Scratch' endocarditis.

Authors:  Gareth Squire; Simon Hetherington
Journal:  BMJ Case Rep       Date:  2020-02-09

9.  Anti-biofilm activity of antibiotic-loaded Hylomate®.

Authors:  Mariana Albano; Kerryl E Greenwood-Quaintance; Melissa J Karau; Jayawant N Mandrekar; Robin Patel
Journal:  Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc       Date:  2021-06-08

10.  Implementing stakeholder engagement to explore alternative models of consent: An example from the PREP-IT trials.

Authors:  Guillermo Pechero; Branden Pfaff; Mayank Rao; David Pogorzelski; Paula McKay; Ella Spicer; Andrea Howe; Haley K Demyanovich; Debra L Sietsema; Michael F McTague; Lolita Ramsey; Martha Holden; Joshua Rudnicki; Jeff Wells; Michelle Medeiros; Gerard P Slobogean; Sheila Sprague; Gerard P Slobogean; Sheila Sprague; Jeffrey Wells; Mohit Bhandari; Robert V O'Toole; Jean-Claude D'Alleyrand; Andrew Eglseder; Aaron Johnson; Christopher Langhammer; Christopher Lebrun; Theodore Manson; Jason Nascone; Ebrahim Paryavi; Raymond Pensy; Andrew Pollak; Marcus Sciadini; Gerard P Slobogean; Yasmin Degani; Haley K Demyanovich; Andrea Howe; Nathan N O'Hara; Katherine Joseph; Joshua Rudnicki; Megan Camara
Journal:  Contemp Clin Trials Commun       Date:  2021-06-14
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