Epidemiological study of Echinococcus granulosus in sheep in the Gharb plain (North-West of Morocco).

Hydatidosis is considered endemic in Morocco and caused serious health problems in ruminants. The aim of this research is to present an epidemiological study on echinococcosis in sheep. The study was carried out between April 2016 and May 2017. A total number of 1600 sheeps was examined via autopsy for Echinococcus granulosus in various slaughterhouses in the Gharb plain of Morocco. The Results of the study showed that the prevalence of cystic echinococcosis was 7.63%. The infection was not significant among sheep which age is < 1 year (2.67%), while it increases among those which age is from 1 to 3 years old (8.63%). It also grows significantly among sheep which age is over 3 years old (11.71%). Parasitized at 62%, the liver is the most affected organ followed by the lungs (38%). Protoscoleces are only found in liquid cysts and contribute to their fertility which is estimated at 66.66% in the liver and 57.74% in the lungs. In addition, the prevalence of calcified cysts is 12.24% in the liver and 21.11% in the lungs. Examination of the fertile cysts revealed a high level of Protoscoleces viability, whether it's in the liver (65.93%) or in the lungs (59.30%). This study also shows how the evolution of echinococcosis is closely linked to sex and age.