Myadagmaa Jaalkhorol1, Yuki Fujita1, Katsuyasu Kouda2, Junko Tamaki3, Misa Komatsu4, Namiraa DongMei5, Yuho Sato6, Takahiro Tachiki1, Akiko Yura1, Etsuko Kajita7, Sadanobu Kagamimori8, Masayuki Iki9. 1. Department of Public Health, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Oonohigashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan. 2. Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-Machi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan. 3. Department of Hygiene & Public Health, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan. 4. Department of Nursing, Mie Prefectural College of Nursing, 1-1-1 Yumegaoka, Tsu, Mie 514-0116, Japan. 5. Department of Orthopedic Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No.1 Yingfang Road, Huimin District, Hohhot, 010030, China. 6. Department of Human life, Jin-ai University, 3-1-1 Ohdecho, Echizen, Fukui, 915-8586, Japan. 7. Department of Nursing, Chukyo Gakuin University, 2216 Toki-cho, Mizunami, Gifu, 509-6192, Japan. 8. University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan. 9. Department of Public Health, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Oonohigashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan. Electronic address: masa@med.kindai.ac.jp.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Only a few longitudinal studies have assessed the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and arteriosclerosis. This study aimed to determine whether low BMD at baseline is associated with the development of increased arterial stiffness, as evaluated by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), in Japanese women. METHODS: A baPWV value of ≥1800 cm/s was adopted as the criterion for increased arterial stiffness, i.e., the outcome of the study. Of the 725 women aged ≥50 years who completed the baseline survey, we excluded the 166 who already met this criterion. Of the remaining women, we analyzed data from the 446 who completed at least one of the follow-up surveys conducted 5 or 10 years after baseline. BMD at the lumbar spine (LS) and total hip (TH) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in the baseline survey. baPWV was measured both at baseline and at follow-up. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the independent effect of BMD at baseline on developing the outcome during 10-year follow-up. RESULTS: We identified 166 women who newly developed increased arterial stiffness. The odds ratios (OR) for a 1 SD decrease in BMD at LS and TH for developing the outcome were 1.20 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.91-1.50), and 1.44 (95% CI: 1.14-1.81), respectively, after adjusting for age and systolic blood pressure. After additionally adjusting for baPWV at baseline, the OR for a 1 SD decrease in BMD at TH remained significant (1.33, 95% CI: 1.02-1.72). CONCLUSION: Low BMD at TH was significantly associated with the development of increased arterial stiffness during a 10-year follow-up of Japanese women.
OBJECTIVE: Only a few longitudinal studies have assessed the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and arteriosclerosis. This study aimed to determine whether low BMD at baseline is associated with the development of increased arterial stiffness, as evaluated by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), in Japanese women. METHODS: A baPWV value of ≥1800 cm/s was adopted as the criterion for increased arterial stiffness, i.e., the outcome of the study. Of the 725 women aged ≥50 years who completed the baseline survey, we excluded the 166 who already met this criterion. Of the remaining women, we analyzed data from the 446 who completed at least one of the follow-up surveys conducted 5 or 10 years after baseline. BMD at the lumbar spine (LS) and total hip (TH) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in the baseline survey. baPWV was measured both at baseline and at follow-up. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the independent effect of BMD at baseline on developing the outcome during 10-year follow-up. RESULTS: We identified 166 women who newly developed increased arterial stiffness. The odds ratios (OR) for a 1 SD decrease in BMD at LS and TH for developing the outcome were 1.20 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.91-1.50), and 1.44 (95% CI: 1.14-1.81), respectively, after adjusting for age and systolic blood pressure. After additionally adjusting for baPWV at baseline, the OR for a 1 SD decrease in BMD at TH remained significant (1.33, 95% CI: 1.02-1.72). CONCLUSION: Low BMD at TH was significantly associated with the development of increased arterial stiffness during a 10-year follow-up of Japanese women.