Anna Lena Lopez1, Josephine G Aldaba2, Merrylle Morales-Dizon2, Jesus N Sarol3, Jedas Veronica Daag2, Ma Cecilia Ama4, Patrick Sylim2, Aida Salonga2, Karin Nielsen-Saines5. 1. Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. Electronic address: allopez2@up.edu.ph. 2. Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. 3. National Teacher Training Center for the Health Professions, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. 4. Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Muntinlupa, Philippines. 5. University of California Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Xpert MTB/RIF is recommended for the simultaneous detection of tuberculosis (TB) and rifampicin resistance directly from sputum specimens. Since young children cannot always expectorate, we assessed urine as a possible specimen source to diagnose TB in children using Xpert MTB/RIF. METHODS: During a field study to enhance childhood TB identification, spot urine samples were prospectively collected from consecutive ambulatory children aged 0 to 14 years presenting with presumptive pulmonary TB in community health centers. Urine Xpert MTB/RIF was performed by blinded technicians in 182 samples using 2ml of unprocessed urine. RESULTS: The mean age of presumptive TB cases was 5.9 years (median 5.4, range 0.1 to 14.7) with more males (113, 62%) compared to females. All urine samples tested negative for Xpert MTB/RIF, regardless of whether concentration was performed or not. Out of these 182 presumptive TB cases, 50 (28%) were clinically diagnosed and 5 (3%) were bacteriologically diagnosed to have TB disease using either sputum or nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens. CONCLUSIONS: In this community-based study, urine Xpert MTB/RIF does not appear to contribute to the diagnosis of childhood TB.
INTRODUCTION: Xpert MTB/RIF is recommended for the simultaneous detection of tuberculosis (TB) and rifampicin resistance directly from sputum specimens. Since young children cannot always expectorate, we assessed urine as a possible specimen source to diagnose TB in children using Xpert MTB/RIF. METHODS: During a field study to enhance childhood TB identification, spot urine samples were prospectively collected from consecutive ambulatory children aged 0 to 14 years presenting with presumptive pulmonary TB in community health centers. Urine Xpert MTB/RIF was performed by blinded technicians in 182 samples using 2ml of unprocessed urine. RESULTS: The mean age of presumptive TB cases was 5.9 years (median 5.4, range 0.1 to 14.7) with more males (113, 62%) compared to females. All urine samples tested negative for Xpert MTB/RIF, regardless of whether concentration was performed or not. Out of these 182 presumptive TB cases, 50 (28%) were clinically diagnosed and 5 (3%) were bacteriologically diagnosed to have TB disease using either sputum or nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens. CONCLUSIONS: In this community-based study, urine Xpert MTB/RIF does not appear to contribute to the diagnosis of childhood TB.
Authors: Alexander W Kay; Tara Ness; Sabine E Verkuijl; Kerri Viney; Annemieke Brands; Tiziana Masini; Lucia González Fernández; Michael Eisenhut; Anne K Detjen; Anna M Mandalakas; Karen R Steingart; Yemisi Takwoingi Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Date: 2022-09-06
Authors: Patricia Comella-Del-Barrio; José Luis Izquierdo-Garcia; Jacqueline Gautier; Mariette Jean Coute Doresca; Ramón Campos-Olivas; Clara M Santiveri; Beatriz Muriel-Moreno; Cristina Prat-Aymerich; Rosa Abellana; Tomas M Pérez-Porcuna; Luis E Cuevas; Jesús Ruiz-Cabello; José Domínguez Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2021-06-07 Impact factor: 4.379
Authors: Alexander W Kay; Lucia González Fernández; Yemisi Takwoingi; Michael Eisenhut; Anne K Detjen; Karen R Steingart; Anna M Mandalakas Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Date: 2020-08-27