Jolene Jacquart1, Christina D Dutcher2, Slaton Z Freeman2, Aliza T Stein2, Mike Dinh2, Emily Carl2, Jasper A J Smits2. 1. Department of Psychology and Institute for Mental Health Research, The University of Texas at Austin, 305 E 23rd Street Stop E9000, Austin, TX, 78712-1043, USA. Electronic address: jolene.jacquart@utexas.edu. 2. Department of Psychology and Institute for Mental Health Research, The University of Texas at Austin, 305 E 23rd Street Stop E9000, Austin, TX, 78712-1043, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The present study meta-analytically reviewed the effects of exercise on four transdiagnostic treatment targets: anxiety sensitivity (AS), distress tolerance (DT), stress reactivity (SR), and general self-efficacy (GSE). METHODS: We conducted systematic searches of peer-reviewed studies in bibliographical databases (Cochrane Library, psychINFO, PubMed) before April 1, 2018. Only randomized controlled trials (RCT) evaluating the effect of exercise on AS, DT, SR, or GSE using at least one validated outcome instrument in a sample of adolescents (≥13 years old) or adults were selected. We employed a meta-analysis of effects using random-effects pooling modeling for each treatment target. RESULTS: The systematic search yielded 28 RCTs meeting eligibility criteria. Exercise interventions had a large effect on reducing AS (six studies, Hedges's g = 0.72, p = .001), a medium effect on increasing GSE (eight studies, Hedges's g = 0.59, p < .001), and a small effect on reducing SR (ten studies, Hedges's g = 0.32, p < .001). Evidence from four studies suggested that exercise interventions had a small but non-significant effect on increasing DT (Hedges's g = 0.21, p = .26). CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis provides preliminary evidence exercise can engage certain transdiagnostic targets. Further research is required to optimize exercise intervention parameters to achieve the strongest effects on these important mechanistic variables.
BACKGROUND: The present study meta-analytically reviewed the effects of exercise on four transdiagnostic treatment targets: anxiety sensitivity (AS), distress tolerance (DT), stress reactivity (SR), and general self-efficacy (GSE). METHODS: We conducted systematic searches of peer-reviewed studies in bibliographical databases (Cochrane Library, psychINFO, PubMed) before April 1, 2018. Only randomized controlled trials (RCT) evaluating the effect of exercise on AS, DT, SR, or GSE using at least one validated outcome instrument in a sample of adolescents (≥13 years old) or adults were selected. We employed a meta-analysis of effects using random-effects pooling modeling for each treatment target. RESULTS: The systematic search yielded 28 RCTs meeting eligibility criteria. Exercise interventions had a large effect on reducing AS (six studies, Hedges's g = 0.72, p = .001), a medium effect on increasing GSE (eight studies, Hedges's g = 0.59, p < .001), and a small effect on reducing SR (ten studies, Hedges's g = 0.32, p < .001). Evidence from four studies suggested that exercise interventions had a small but non-significant effect on increasing DT (Hedges's g = 0.21, p = .26). CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis provides preliminary evidence exercise can engage certain transdiagnostic targets. Further research is required to optimize exercise intervention parameters to achieve the strongest effects on these important mechanistic variables.
Authors: Michèle Schmitter; Jan Spijker; Filip Smit; Indira Tendolkar; Anne-Marie Derksen; Peter Oostelbos; Ben F M Wijnen; Tessa J van Doesum; Jasper A J Smits; Janna N Vrijsen Journal: BMC Psychiatry Date: 2020-12-09 Impact factor: 3.630
Authors: Sebastian Wolf; Britta Seiffer; Johanna-Marie Zeibig; Jana Welkerling; Leonie Louisa Bauer; Anna Katharina Frei; Thomas Studnitz; Stephanie Rosenstiel; David Victor Fiedler; Florian Helmhold; Andreas Ray; Eva Herzog; Keisuke Takano; Tristan Nakagawa; Saskia Kropp; Sebastian Franke; Stefan Peters; Nadja El-Kurd; Lena Zwanzleitner; Leonie Sundmacher; Ander Ramos-Murguialday; Martin Hautzinger; Gorden Sudeck; Thomas Ehring Journal: BMC Psychiatry Date: 2021-10-30 Impact factor: 3.630