Nida Ziauddeen1,2, Alice Rosi3, Daniele Del Rio4,5,6, Birdem Amoutzopoulos1, Sonja Nicholson1, Polly Page1, Francesca Scazzina3, Furio Brighenti3, Sumantra Ray7,8, Pedro Mena3. 1. MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, 120 Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, CB1 9NL, UK. 2. Academic Unit of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK. 3. Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39, 43125, Parma, Italy. 4. Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39, 43125, Parma, Italy. daniele.delrio@unipr.it. 5. Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Medical School Building C, Via Volturno, 39, 43125, Parma, Italy. daniele.delrio@unipr.it. 6. NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cowley Road, Cambridge, CB4 0WS, UK. daniele.delrio@unipr.it. 7. MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, 120 Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, CB1 9NL, UK. sr506@cam.ac.uk. 8. NNEdPro Global Centre for Nutrition and Health, St John's Innovation Centre, Cowley Road, Cambridge, CB4 0WS, UK. sr506@cam.ac.uk.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Current evidence accounts for the role of (poly)phenolic compounds in the prevention of non-communicable diseases. Detailed information on population-level intakes is required to translate these findings into recommendations. This work aimed to estimate (poly)phenol intake in the UK population using data from a nationally representative survey. METHODS: Data from 9374 participants (4636 children aged 1.5-18 years and 4738 adults aged 19 years and over) from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme (NDNS RP) 2008-2014 was used. (Poly)phenol content of foods consumed in the NDNS RP was identified using Phenol-Explorer and through literature searches. Data on flavonoids, phenolic acids, and stilbenes were collected. Total (poly)phenol content was also assessed. RESULTS: Mean total (poly)phenol intake ranged from 266.6 ± 166.1 mg/day in children aged 1.5-3 years to 1035.1 ± 544.3 mg/day in adults aged 65 years and over, with flavan-3-ols and hydroxycinnamic acids being the most consumed (poly)phenols across all age groups. (Poly)phenol intake was higher in males in all age groups except for adults aged 19-34 and 50-64 years, where intakes were marginally higher in females. Energy-adjusted intakes accounted for the pattern of increasing (poly)phenol intakes with age and a higher intake was observed in females across all age groups, with the exception of children aged 1.5-3 years. The main food sources were non-alcoholic beverages and fruits, being the main compounds flavan-3-ols and caffeoylquinic acids. CONCLUSIONS: This analysis provides estimates of (poly)phenol intake from a representative sample of the UK general population, which can help inform the health implications of (poly)phenol intake.
PURPOSE: Current evidence accounts for the role of (poly)phenolic compounds in the prevention of non-communicable diseases. Detailed information on population-level intakes is required to translate these findings into recommendations. This work aimed to estimate (poly)phenol intake in the UK population using data from a nationally representative survey. METHODS: Data from 9374 participants (4636 children aged 1.5-18 years and 4738 adults aged 19 years and over) from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme (NDNS RP) 2008-2014 was used. (Poly)phenol content of foods consumed in the NDNS RP was identified using Phenol-Explorer and through literature searches. Data on flavonoids, phenolic acids, and stilbenes were collected. Total (poly)phenol content was also assessed. RESULTS: Mean total (poly)phenol intake ranged from 266.6 ± 166.1 mg/day in children aged 1.5-3 years to 1035.1 ± 544.3 mg/day in adults aged 65 years and over, with flavan-3-ols and hydroxycinnamic acids being the most consumed (poly)phenols across all age groups. (Poly)phenol intake was higher in males in all age groups except for adults aged 19-34 and 50-64 years, where intakes were marginally higher in females. Energy-adjusted intakes accounted for the pattern of increasing (poly)phenol intakes with age and a higher intake was observed in females across all age groups, with the exception of children aged 1.5-3 years. The main food sources were non-alcoholic beverages and fruits, being the main compounds flavan-3-ols and caffeoylquinic acids. CONCLUSIONS: This analysis provides estimates of (poly)phenol intake from a representative sample of the UK general population, which can help inform the health implications of (poly)phenol intake.
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