Olah Hakim1, Riccardo C Bonadonna2, Cynthia Mohandas1, Zoya Billoo1, Alexander Sunderland1, Linda Boselli3, K George M M Alberti1, Janet L Peacock4, A Margot Umpleby5, Geoff Charles-Edwards6,7, Stephanie A Amiel1, Louise M Goff1. 1. Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom. 2. Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy. 3. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, University of Verona School of Medicine, Verona, Italy. 4. School of Population Health and Environmental Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom. 5. Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom. 6. Department of Medical Physics, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom. 7. School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Abstract
CONTEXT: Intrapancreatic lipid (IPL) has been linked to β-cell dysfunction. Black populations disproportionately develop type 2 diabetes (T2D) and show distinctions in β-cell function compared with white populations. OBJECTIVE: We quantified IPL in white European (WE) and black West African (BWA) men with early T2D and investigated the relationships between IPL and β-cell insulin secretory function (ISF). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: We performed a cross-sectional assessment of 18 WE and 19 BWA middle-age men with early T2D as part of the South London Diabetes and Ethnicity Phenotyping study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The participants underwent Dixon MRI to determine IPL in the pancreatic head, body, and tail and subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue volumes. Modeled first- and second-phase ISFs were comprehensively determined using C-peptide measurements during a 3-hour meal tolerance test and a 2-hour hyperglycemic clamp test. RESULTS: The WE men had greater mean IPL levels compared with BWA men (P = 0.029), mainly owing to greater IPL levels in the pancreatic head (P = 0.009). The mean IPL level was inversely associated with orally stimulated first-phase ISF in WE but not BWA men (WE, r = -0.554, P = 0.026; BWA, r = -0.183, P = 0.468). No association was found with orally stimulated second-phase ISF in either WE or BWA men. No associations were found between the mean IPL level and intravenously stimulated ISF. CONCLUSIONS: The IPL levels were lower in BWA than WE men with early T2D, and the lack of inverse association with first-phase ISF in BWA men indicates that IPL might be a less important determinant of the development of T2D in BWA than in WE men.
CONTEXT: Intrapancreatic lipid (IPL) has been linked to β-cell dysfunction. Black populations disproportionately develop type 2 diabetes (T2D) and show distinctions in β-cell function compared with white populations. OBJECTIVE: We quantified IPL in white European (WE) and black West African (BWA) men with early T2D and investigated the relationships between IPL and β-cell insulin secretory function (ISF). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: We performed a cross-sectional assessment of 18 WE and 19 BWA middle-age men with early T2D as part of the South London Diabetes and Ethnicity Phenotyping study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The participants underwent Dixon MRI to determine IPL in the pancreatic head, body, and tail and subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue volumes. Modeled first- and second-phase ISFs were comprehensively determined using C-peptide measurements during a 3-hour meal tolerance test and a 2-hour hyperglycemic clamp test. RESULTS: The WE men had greater mean IPL levels compared with BWA men (P = 0.029), mainly owing to greater IPL levels in the pancreatic head (P = 0.009). The mean IPL level was inversely associated with orally stimulated first-phase ISF in WE but not BWA men (WE, r = -0.554, P = 0.026; BWA, r = -0.183, P = 0.468). No association was found with orally stimulated second-phase ISF in either WE or BWA men. No associations were found between the mean IPL level and intravenously stimulated ISF. CONCLUSIONS: The IPL levels were lower in BWA than WE men with early T2D, and the lack of inverse association with first-phase ISF in BWA men indicates that IPL might be a less important determinant of the development of T2D in BWA than in WE men.
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